Primer
|
Gene
|
Target
|
Tm (°C)
|
Sequence (5'–3')
|
Reference
|
General domain specific:
|
8Fmod
|
16S
|
Bacteria
|
60
|
AGA GTT TGA TYM TGG CTC AG
|
Modified from Loy et al., 2002
|
27F
|
16S
|
Bacteria
|
55
|
AGA GTT TGA TCM TGG CTC AG
|
Lane, 1991
|
338Rabc
|
16S
|
Bacteria
|
60
|
ACW CCT ACG GGW GGC WGC
|
Daims et al., 1999
|
Bac806R
|
16S
|
Bacteria
|
60
|
GG ACT ACC AGG GTA TCT AAT CCT GTT
|
Nadkarni et al., 2002
|
Bac806F
|
16S
|
Bacteria
|
60
|
AAC AGG ATT AGA TAC CCT GGT AGT CC
|
Nadkarni et al., 2002
|
Bac908F
|
16S
|
Bacteria
|
60
|
AAC TCA AAK GAA TTG ACG GG
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
Bac908R
|
16S
|
Bacteria
|
60
|
CCC GTC AAT TCM TTT GAG TT
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
926R
|
16S
|
Bacteria
|
55
|
CCG TCA ATT CCT TTR AGT TT
|
Muyzer et al.,1993
|
Bac1075R
|
16S
|
Bacteria
|
60
|
CAC GAG CTG ACG ACA RCC
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
21F
|
16S
|
Archaea
|
55
|
TTC CGG TTG ATC CYG CCG GA
|
DeLong, 1992
|
806F
|
16S
|
Archaea
|
55
|
ATTAGATACCCSBGTAGTCC
|
Takai and Horikoshi, 2000
|
915Rmod
|
16S
|
Archaea
|
55
|
GTG CTC CCC CGC CAA TT
|
Modified from Stahl and Amann, 1991
|
915Fmod
|
16S
|
Archaea
|
55
|
AAT TGG CGG GGG AGC AC
|
Modified from Stahl and Amann, 1991
|
958R
|
16S
|
Archaea
|
55
|
YCC GGC GTT GAM TCC AAT T
|
DeLong, 1992
|
1059R
|
16S
|
Archaea
|
55
|
GCC ATG CAC CWC CTC T
|
Yu et al., 2005
|
Medlin A
|
18S
|
Eukarya
|
60
|
AACCTGGTTGATCCTGCCAGT
|
Medlin et al., 1988
|
Medlin B
|
18S
|
Eukarya
|
60
|
GATCCTTCTGCAGGTTCACCTAC
|
Medlin et al., 1988
|
Euk 570R
|
18S
|
Eukarya
|
60
|
GCTATTGGAGCTGGAATTAC
|
Elwood et al., 1985
|
Group specific:
|
Bif-16S-F*
|
16S
|
Bifidobacterium
|
55
|
CCA TCG CTT AAC GGT GGA T
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
Bif-16S-R*
|
16S
|
Bifidobacterium
|
55
|
CCA CAT CCA GCA TCC ACC
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
Blau-16S-F*
|
16S
|
Blautia
|
55
|
CGG TAT GTA AAC TTC TAT CAG CA
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
Blau-16S-R*
|
16S
|
Blautia
|
55
|
CAG TTT CCA ATG CAG TCC
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
Xanth-16S-F*
|
16S
|
Xanthomonas
|
TBD
|
GGA AAG AAA AGC AGT CGG TT
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
Xanth-16S-R*
|
16S
|
Xanthomonas
|
TBD
|
AGT GAC CCA GTA TCC ACT GC
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
Halo-16S-F*
|
16S
|
Halomonas
|
TBD
|
GAT AAG CCG GTT GTG AAA GC
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
Halo-16S-R*
|
16S
|
Halomonas
|
TBD
|
TCA GTG TCA GTC CAG AAG GC
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
SAR11-16S-F*
|
16S
|
SAR 11
|
55
|
AAG GTC CGG CTA ACT TCG T
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
SAR11-16S-R*
|
16S
|
SAR 11
|
55
|
AAT CCT CTT CGC TAC CCA TG
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
MGI-16S-F*
|
16S
|
Marine Group I Archaea
|
60
|
TAA AAC CAG CAC CTC AAG TGG
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
MGI-16S-R*
|
16S
|
Marine Group I Archaea
|
60
|
TCG RAC GTG TTC TGG TAG ACC
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
Mbb arb-mcrI-F*
|
mcrA
|
Methanobrevibacter
|
TBD
|
TTT GGA ATA TGT GAA GCT CCA AA
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
Mbb arb-mcrI-R*
|
mcrA
|
Methanobrevibacter
|
TBD
|
AGT AGC GAA AGC TGT TGC ACA A
|
M. Lever, unpubl. data
|
mcrIRD F
|
mcrA
|
Methanogens and methanotrophs
|
55
|
TWYGACCARATMTGGYT
|
Lever, 2008
|
mcrIRD R
|
mcrA
|
Methanogens and methanotrophs
|
55
|
ACRTTCATBGCRTARTT
|
Lever, 2008
|
ANME-1-mcrI F
|
mcrA
|
ANME-1 Archaea
|
63
|
GACCAGTTGTGGTTCGGAAC
|
Lever, 2008
|
ANME-1-mcrI R
|
mcrA
|
ANME-1 Archaea
|
63
|
ATCTCGAATGGCATTCCCTC
|
Lever, 2008
|
fhs F
|
fhs
|
Acetogens and other C1 metabolizers
|
60
|
GAT GAT CGA CAA CCA CRT CTA
|
Lever et al., 2010
|
fhs R
|
fhs
|
Acetogens and other C1 metabolizers
|
60
|
GGC ACT TGA TGT CGA AGA A
|
Lever et al., 2010
|
dsrB F1a
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAC ACC CAG GGC TGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F1b
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAT ACT CAG GGC TGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F1c
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAT ACC CAG GGC TGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F1d
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAC ACT CAA GGT TGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F1e
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAC ACA CAG GGA TGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F1f
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAC ACG CAG GGA TGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F1g
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAC ACG CAG GGG TGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F1h
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAT ACG CAA GGT TGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F2a
|
dsrB
|
Xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CGT CCA CAC CCA GGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F2b
|
dsrB
|
Xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
TGT GCA TAC CCA GGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F2c
|
dsrB
|
Xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAT TCA TAC CCA GGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F2d
|
dsrB
|
Xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
TGT TCA CAC CCA GGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F2e
|
dsrB
|
Xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CGT GCA CAC GCA GGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F2f
|
dsrB
|
Xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CGT TCA TAC ACA GGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F2g
|
dsrB
|
Xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
TGT CCA CAC TCA GGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F2h
|
dsrB
|
Xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CGT GCA TAC GCA GGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB F2i
|
dsrB
|
Xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAT CCA TAC TCA GGG
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB 4RSI1a
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAG TTA CCG CAG TAC AT
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB 4RSI1b
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB
|
56
|
CAG TTA CCG CAG AAC AT
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB 4RSI1c
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAG TTG CCG CAG TAC AT
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB 4RSI1d
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAG TTT CCG CAG TAC AT
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB 4RSI1e
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB
|
56
|
CAG TTG CCG CAG AAC AT
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
dsrB 4RSI1f
|
dsrB
|
All dsrB except xenologous Firmicutes
|
56
|
CAG TTT CCA CAG AAC AT
|
Lever et al., 2013
|
* = used for DNA contamination tests only. For dissimilatory sulfate-reducing microbesa mixture consisting of dsrB F1a–h and 4RSIa–f was used to target all sulfate reducers, except for xenologous Firmicutes. To target the latter, a different primer mixture, consisting of dsrB F2a–i and 4RSIb and e was used. TBD = to be determined.