Table T2. Ages of planktonic foraminifer datum levels.
Event | Zone (base) |
Age (Ma) |
Reference |
---|---|---|---|
T Globorotalia flexuosa | 0.07 | Joyce et al., 1990 | |
B Bolliella calida | 0.22 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 | |
T Globoquadrina pseudofoliata | 0.22 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 | |
B Globorotalia flexuosa | 0.4 | Joyce et al., 1990 | |
B Globorotalia hirsuta | 0.45 | Pujol and Duprat, 1983 | |
T Globorotalia tosaensis | Pt1b | 0.65 | Srinivasan and Sinha, 1992 |
B Globorotalia crassaformis hessi | 0.75 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 | |
T Pulleniatina finalis | 1.4 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 | |
T Globigerinoides fistulosus | Pt1a | 1.77 | Berggren et al., 1995b |
T Globigerinoides extremus | 1.77 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary | 1.77 | ||
B Globorotalia truncatulinoides | 2 | Zijderveld et al., 1991 | |
B Globorotalia truncatulinoides | (SN14) | Jenkins, 1993 | |
T Globorotalia exilis (Atlantic) | 2.15 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Globorotalia miocenica | Pl6 | 2.3 | Berggren et al., 1995b |
T Neogloboquadrina atlantica | 2.41 | Weaver and Clement, 1987 | |
T Globorotalia puncticulata (Atlantic) | 2.41 | Zijderveld et al., 1991 | |
T Globorotalia pertenuis | 2.6 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Dentoglobigerina altispira | Pl5 | 3.09 | Berggren et al., 1995b |
T Globorotalia multicamerata | 3.09 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Sphaeroidinellopsis seminulina | Pl4 | 3.12 | Berggren et al., 1995b |
B Sphaeroidinella dehiscens s.s. | 3.12 | Weaver and Clement, 1987 | |
B Globorotalia inflata | (SN13) | 3.2* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
T Globorotalia sp. cf. G. crassula (North Atlantic) | 3.25 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globorotalia pertenuis | 3.33 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globorotalia miocenica (Atlantic) | 3.45 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Globorotalia margaritae | Pl3 | 3.58 | Berggren et al., 1995b |
T Pulleniatina primalis | 3.58 | Srinivasan and Sinha, 1992 | |
Pulleniatina transition s/d | 3.65 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Pulleniatina spectabilis | 3.95 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Globoturborotalita nepenthes | Pl2 | 4.18 | Berggren et al., 1995a |
B Globorotalia puncticulata | 4.2 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globorotalia crassaformis | 4.5 | Weaver and Clement, 1987 | |
T Globigerinoides seiglei | 4.5 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 | |
T Globorotalia cibaoensis | Pl1b | 4.6 | Berggren et al., 1995b |
B Sphaeroidinella dehiscens s.l. | 4.7 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globorotalia margaritae | 5.2 | Srinivasan and Sinha, 1992 | |
Miocene/Pliocene boundary | 5.25 | ||
T Globorotalia tumida | 5.32 | Srinivasan and Sinha, 1992 | |
B Globorotalia tumida | Pl1a | 5.6 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 |
B Globorotalia sphericomiozea | 5.6 | Srinivasan and Sinha, 1992 | |
B Globorotalia pliozea | 5.6 | Srinivasan and Sinha, 1992 | |
B Globorotalia pliozea | 5.6 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globorotalia puncticulata | (SN12) | 5.3* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
B Globorotalia tumida | 5.6 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Globoquadrina dehiscens | 5.6 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 | |
T Globoquadrina dehiscens | 5.8 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Globorotalia lenguaensis | M14 | 6 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 |
B Globorotalia margaritae | 6 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 | |
B Neogloboquadrina acostaensis transition s/d | 6 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 | |
B Globorotalia margaritae | 6.2 | Srinivasan and Sinha, 1992 | |
B Pulleniatina primalis | 6.4 | Chaproniere et al., 1994 | |
B Globorotalia menardii form 5 | 6.4 | Chaisson and Leckie, 1993 | |
B Neogloboquadrina acostaensis transition d/s | 6.4 | Srinivasan and Sinha, 1992 | |
B Neogloboquadrina atlantica transition d/s | 6.6 | Srinivasan and Sinha, 1992 | |
B Globorotalia conomiozea | 6.8 | Spiegler and Jansen, 1989 | |
B Globorotalia conomiozea | (SN11) | 7.12* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
B Globorotalia menardii form 5 | 7.12 | Krijgsman et al., 1994 | |
T Globorotalia menardii form 4 | 7.2 | Krijgsman et al., 1994 | |
B Globorotalia suterae | 7.4 | Krijgsman et al., 1994 | |
B Globorotalia cibaoensis | 7.8 | Glacon et al., 1990 | |
B Globorotalia juanai | 7.8 | Chaisson and Leckie, 1993 | |
B Candeina nitida | 8.1 | Chaisson and Leckie, 1993 | |
B Globigerinoides extremus/Globorotalia plesiotumida | M13b | 8.3 | Berggren et al., 1995b |
T Neogloboquadrina continuosa | (SN10) | Jenkins, 1993 | |
B Neogloboquadrina humerosa | 8.5 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Neogloboquadrina pachyderma | 9.2 | Berggren, 1992 | |
T Neogloboquadrina nympha | 10.1 | Berggren, 1992 | |
T Neogloboquadrina nympha | (SN9) | Jenkins, 1993 | |
B Neogloboquadrina acostaensis | M13 | 10.9 | Berggren et al., 1995b |
B Neogloboquadrina acostaensis | 10.9 | Miller et al., 1991 | |
T Neogloboquadrina mayeri | M12 | 11.4 | Miller et al., 1994 |
T Neogloboquadrina mayeri | (SN8) | Jenkins, 1993 | |
B Globoturborotalita nepenthes | M11 | 11.8 | Blow, 1979 |
B Globoturborotalita nepenthes | 11.8 | Miller et al., 1994 | |
T Globorotalia panda | 11.8 | Berggren, 1993 | |
T Globorotalia fohsi robusta | M10 | 11.9 | Berggren et al., 1985 |
T Globorotalia praescitula | 11.9 | Berggren, 1992 | |
T Globorotalia fohsi lobata | 12.1 | Wright and Miller, 1992 | |
B Neogloboquadrina mayeri | (SN7) | 12.1* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
B Globorotalia fohsi robusta | M9b | 12.3 | Berggren, 1992 |
T Tenuitella clemenciae | 12.3 | Li et al., 1992 | |
T Tenuitella minutissima | 12.3 | Li et al., 1992 | |
T Tenuitella pseudoedita | 12.3 | Li et al., 1992 | |
T Tenuitella selleyi | 12.3 | Li et al., 1992 | |
B Globorotalia fohsi lobata | M9a | 12.5 | Wright and Miller, 1992 |
B Globorotalia fohsi s.s. | M8 | 12.7 | Wright and Miller, 1992 |
B Globorotalia praefohsi | 12.7 | Wright and Miller, 1992 | |
B Neogloboquadrina nympha | 13.4 | Berggren, 1992 | |
T Globorotalia peripheroronda | 14.6 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globorotalia peripheroacuta | M7 | 14.8 | Berggren et al., 1995a |
T Praeorbulina sicana | 14.8 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Praeorbulina glomerosa s.s. | 14.8 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Orbulina suturalis | M6 | 15.1 | Berggren et al., 1985 |
B Orbulina suturalis | (SN6) | Jenkins, 1993 | |
T Globorotalia miozea | 15.9 | Berggren, 1992 | |
B Praeorbulina circularis | 16 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Praeorbulina glomerosa | M5b | 16.1 | Berggren et al., 1995a |
B Praeorbulina glomerosa | (SN5) | Jenkins, 1993 | |
B Globigerinoies diminutus | 16.1 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Praeorbulina curva | 16.3 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Praeorbulina sicana | M5 | 16.4 | Berggren et al., 1985 |
T Globorotalia incognita | 16.4 | Berggren, 1992 | |
B Globorotalia birnageae | M4b | 16.7 | Berggren et al., 1995a |
B Globorotalia miozea | 16.7 | Berggren, 1992 | |
B Globorotalia birnageae | 16.7 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Catapsydrax dissimilis | M4 | 17.3 | Berggren et al., 1985 |
T Globorotalia zealandica | 17.3 | Li et al., 1992 | |
T Globorotalia semivera | 17.3 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Globoquadrina dehiscens forma spinosa | 17.9 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globorotalia praescitula | 18.5 | Miller et al., 1994 | |
B Globorotalia insueta | M3 | 18.8 | Berggren et al., 1995a |
B Globigerinoides trilobus | (SN4) | Jenkins, 1993 | |
B Globigerinoides altiaperturus | 20.5 | Montanari et al., 1991 | |
B Globoturborotalita connecta | (SN3) | 20.9* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
T Tenuitella munda | 21.4 | Li et al., 1992 | |
T Globorotalia kugleri | M2 | 21.5 | Montanari et al., 1991 |
B Globorotalia incognita | 21.6 | Berggren, 1992 | |
T Globoturborotalita angulisuturalis | 21.6 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Globorotalia pseudokugleri | 21.6 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globoquadrina dehiscens forma spinosa | 22.2 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globoturborotalita woodi | (SN2) | 22.6* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
T Globoquadrina globularis | 22.8 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globoquadrina dehiscens | M1b | 23.2 | Berggren et al., 1985 |
B Globoquadrina dehiscens | (SN1) | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 | |
B Globorotalia kugleri | M1 | 23.8 | Berggren et al., 1985 |
B Globorotalia mendacis | 23.8 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
Oligocene/Miocene boundary | 23.8 | ||
T Globigerina euapertura | 23.8 | Berggren, 1992 | |
T Tenuitella gemma | 24.3 | Li et al., 1992 | |
FcO Globigerinoides primordius | 24.3 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Globorotalia pseudokugleri | 25.9 | Leckie et al., 1993 | |
B Globigerinoides primordius | 26.7 | Leckie et al., 1993 | |
T Paragloborotalia opima opima | P22 | 27.1 | Berggren et al., 1985 |
T Globigerina labiacrassata | 27.1 | Berggren, 1992 | |
LcO Chiloguembelina cubensis | P21b | 28.5 | Li et al., 1992 |
T Chiloguembelina cubensis | (SP15) | Jenkins, 1993 | |
B Globigerina angulisuturalis | P21 | 28.5 | Blow, 1969 |
B Globigerinita boweni | 28.5 | Li et al., 1992 | |
B Globigerina angulisuturalis | P21a | 29.4 | Leckie et al., 1993 |
B Tenuitellinata juvenilis | 29.7 | Li et al., 1992 | |
T Subbotina angiporoides | 30 | Berggren, 1992 | |
T Subbotina angiporoides | (SP14) | Jenkins, 1993 | |
T Turborotalia ampliapertura | P20 | 30.3 | Miller et al., 1993 |
B Paragloborotalia opima opima | 30.6 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Subbotina brevis | (SP13) | 31.5* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
T Pseudohastigerina spp. | P19 | 32 | Miller et al., 1993 |
B Subbotina brevis | (SP12) | 33.4* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
B Cassigerinella chipolensis | 33.65 | Miller et al., 1993 | |
Eocene/Oligocene boundary | 33.7 | ||
T Hantkenina spp. | 33.7 | Coccioni et al., 1988 | |
T Turborotalia cerroazulensis | P18 | 33.8 | Coccioni et al., 1988 |
T Cribrohantkenina inflata | P17 | 34 | Coccioni et al., 1988 |
T Globigerapsis index | 34.3 | Berggren, 1992 | |
B Turborotalia cunialensis | P16 | 35.2 | Coccioni et al., 1988 |
T Turborotalia pomeroli | 35.3 | PremoliSilva et al., 1988 | |
T Porticulasphaera semiinvoluta | 35.3 | PremoliSilva et al., 1988 | |
B Cribrohantkenina inflata | 35.5 | Coccioni et al., 1988 | |
T Acarinina spp. | 37.50–38.50 | Nocchi et al., 1986 | |
T Acarinina aculeata | (SP11) | 36.7* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
T Acarinina collactea | 37.7 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Subbotina linaperta | 37.7 | Berggren, 1992 | |
T Morozovella spinulosa | 38.1 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
B Porticulasphaera semiinvoluta | P15 | 38.4 | Nocchi et al., 1986 |
T Planorotalites spp. | 38.5 | Nocchi et al., 1986 | |
T Acarinina primitiva | 39 | Stott and Kennett, 1990 | |
T Subbotina frontosa | 39.3 | Berggren et al., 1985 | |
T Globigerinapsis beckmanni | P14 | 40.1 | Berggren et al., 1986 |
B Globigerinapsis beckmanni | P13 | 40.5 | Berggren et al., 1987 |
T Acarinina bullbrooki | 40.5 | Berggren et al., 1988 | |
B Chiloguembelina cubensis | (SP10) | 41.2* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
B Turborotalia pomeroli | 42.4 | Berggren et al., 1989 | |
B Globigerapsis index | 42.9 | Berggren et al., 1990 | |
B Globigerapsis index | (SP9) | Jenkins, 1993 | |
B Morozovella lehneri | 43.5 | Berggren et al., 1991 | |
T Morozovella aragonensis | P12 | 43.6 | Berggren et al., 1992 |
B Globigerinapsis kugleri | P11 | 45.8 | Berggren et al., 1995a |
B Turborotalia possagnoensis | 46 | Berggren et al., 1995a | |
T Morozovella crater | (SP8) | 48.8* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
B Hantkenina nutalli | P10 | 49 | Berggren et al., 1985 |
B Planorotalites palmerae | P9 | 50.4 | Berggren et al., 1985 |
T Morozovella formosa | P8 | 50.8 | Berggren, 1969 |
B Acarinina pentacamerata | 50.8 | Stott and Kennett, 1990 | |
B Morozovella aragonensis | P7 | 52.3 | Berggren et al., 1995a |
T Morozovella marginodentata | 52.5 | Berggren et al., 1995a | |
T Morozovella lensiformis | 52.7 | Berggren et al., 1995a | |
T Subbotina velascoensis | 53.5 | Berggren et al., 1995a | |
T Morozovella aequa | 53.6 | Berggren et al., 1995a | |
B M. formosa formosa/M. lensiformis | P6b | 54 | Berggren and Miller, 1988 |
B Morozovella crater | (SP7) | 54* | Jenkins, 1993; Chaproniere et al., 1995 |
B Morozovella lensiformis | 54 | Berggren et al., 1995a | |
T Morozovella velascoensis | P6 | 54.7 | Berggren et al., 1995a |
Paleocene/Eocene boundary | 54.7 |
Notes: Zone: parentheses = from Jenkins (1993). Age: * = from Chaproniere et al. (1995). B = bottom common occurrence, T = top common occurrence, FcO = first common occurrence, LcO = last common occurrence.
Previous | Close | Next | Top of page