Species event
|
Age (Ma)
|
Zone/Subzone base
|
Reference
|
B Emiliania huxleyi
|
0.29
|
NN21
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Pseudoemiliania lacunosa
|
0.44
|
NN20
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Tc Reticulofenestra asanoi
|
0.91
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Br Gephyrocapsa (>4 µm)
|
1.01
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Bc Reticulofenestra asanoi
|
1.14
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Gephyrocapsa (>5.5 µm)
|
1.26
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Helicosphaera sellii
|
1.34
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Gephyrocapsa (>5.5 µm)
|
1.56
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Calcidiscus macintyrei
|
1.61
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Gephyrocapsa (>4 µm)
|
1.69
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary
|
1.806
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Discoaster brouweri
|
1.93
|
NN19
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Bc Discoaster triradiatus
|
2.14
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Discoaster pentaradiatus
|
2.39
|
NN18
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Discoaster surculus
|
2.49
|
NN17
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Discoaster tamalis
|
2.80
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Sphenolithus spp.
|
3.54
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilicus
|
3.70
|
NN16
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Ceratolithus acutus
|
5.04
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Ceratolithus rugosus
|
5.05
|
NN13
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Triquetrorhabdulus rugosus
|
5.28
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Miocene/Pliocene boundary
|
5.332
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Ceratolithus larrymayeri
|
5.34
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Ceratolithus acutus
|
5.35
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Discoaster quinqueramus
|
5.58
|
NN12
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Tc Nicklithus amplificus
|
5.98
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
X Nicklithus amplificus/T. rugosus
|
6.79
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Nicklithus amplificus
|
6.91
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Amaurolithus spp.
|
7.36
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Discoaster berggrenii
|
8.29
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Catinaster calyculus
|
9.67
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Discoaster hamatus
|
9.69
|
NN10
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Catinaster coalitus
|
9.69
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Discoaster hamatus
|
10.55
|
NN9
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Coccolithus miopelagicus
|
10.60
|
|
Raffi et al., 2006
|
B Catinaster calyculus
|
10.76
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Catinaster coalitus
|
10.89
|
NN8
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Tc Discoaster kugleri
|
11.58
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Bc Discoaster kugleri
|
11.86
|
NN7
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Coronocyclus nitescens
|
12.12
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Calcidiscus premacintyrei
|
12.45
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Tc Cyclicargolithus floridanus
|
13.33
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Sphenolithus heteromorphus
|
13.53
|
NN6
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Helicosphaera ampliaperta
|
14.91
|
NN5
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Tc Discoaster deflandrei
|
15.66
|
|
Raffi et al., 2006
|
B Discoaster petaliformis*
|
15.70
|
|
Raffi et al., 2006
|
Bc Sphenolithus heteromorphus
|
17.71
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Tc Sphenolithus belemnos
|
17.95
|
NN4
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Triquetrorhabdulus carinatus
|
18.28
|
NN3
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Sphenolithus belemnos
|
19.03
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Helicosphaera ampliaperta
|
20.43
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
X Helicosphaera euphratis/H. carteri
|
20.92
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Tc Triquetrorhabdulus carinatus
|
22.09
|
|
Raffi et al., 2006
|
B Sphenolithus disbelemnos
|
22.76
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
Oligocene/Miocene boundary
|
23.03
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Sphenolithus delphix
|
23.1
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
B Sphenolithus delphix
|
23.2
|
|
Lourens et al., 2004
|
T Sphenolithus ciperoensis
|
24.4
|
NN1
|
Blaj et al., 2009
|
X Triquetrorhabdulus longus/T. carinatus
|
24.7
|
|
Blaj et al., 2009
|
Tc Cyclicargolithus abisectus
|
24.7
|
|
Lyle et al., 2002
|
T Sphenolithus distentus
|
26.8
|
NP25
|
Blaj et al., 2009
|
T Sphenolithus predistentus
|
26.9
|
|
Blaj et al., 2009
|
B Sphenolithus ciperoensis
|
27.1
|
NP24
|
Blaj et al., 2009
|
T Sphenolithus pseudoradians
|
28.8
|
|
Berggren et al., 1995
|
B Sphenolithus distentus
|
30.0
|
|
Blaj et al., 2009
|
T Reticulofenestra umbilicus (>14 µm)
|
32.0
|
NP23
|
Blaj et al., 2009
|
T Isthmolithus recurvus
|
32.5
|
|
Villa et al., 2008
|
T Coccolithus formosus
|
32.9
|
NP22
|
Blaj et al., 2009
|
Eocene/Oligocene boundary
|
33.8
|
|
Pälike et al., 2006
|
T Discoaster saipanensis
|
34.4
|
NP21
|
Blaj et al., 2009
|
T Discoaster barbadiensis
|
34.8
|
|
Blaj et al., 2009
|
T Reticulofenestra reticulata
|
35.2
|
|
Backman, 1987
|
B Isthmolithus recurvus
|
36.6
|
NP19
|
Backman, 1986
|
B Chiasmolithus oamaruensis
|
37.0
|
NP18
|
Berggren et al., 1995
|
T Chiasmolithus grandis
|
37.1
|
|
Backman, 1987
|
B Dictyococcites bisectus (>10 µm)
|
38.0
|
|
Berggren et al., 1995
|
T Chiasmolithus solitus
|
40.4
|
NP17
|
Berggren et al., 1995
|
B Reticulofenestra reticulata
|
42.0
|
|
Berggren et al., 1995
|
T Nannotetrina spp.
|
42.3
|
|
Backman, 1987
|
B Reticulofenestra umbilicus (>14 µm)
|
42.5
|
|
Backman, 1987
|
T Nannotetrina fulgens
|
43.4
|
|
Backman, 1986
|
T Chiasmolithus gigas
|
44.0
|
NP15c
|
Backman, 1986
|
B Sphenolithus furcatolithoides
|
45.8
|
|
Jovane et al., 2007
|
B Chiasmolithus gigas
|
46.1
|
NP15b
|
Agnini et al., 2006
|
B Nannotetrina fulgens
|
46.8
|
NP15a
|
Agnini et al., 2006
|
B Nannotetrina cristata
|
48.0
|
|
Agnini et al., 2006
|
T Discoaster lodoensis
|
48.4
|
|
Agnini et al., 2006
|
B Discoaster sublodoensis (5 rayed)
|
49.5
|
NP14
|
Agnini et al., 2006
|
B Dictyococcites/Reticulofenestra
|
50.7
|
|
Agnini et al., 2006
|
T Tribrachiatus orthostylus
|
50.7
|
NP13
|
Agnini et al., 2006
|
B Girgisia gammation
|
52.8
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Discoaster lodoensis
|
53.1
|
NP12
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
T Tribrachiatus contortus
|
53.5
|
NP11
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Sphenolithus radians
|
53.5
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Tribrachiatus orthostylus
|
53.7
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Discoaster diastypus
|
54.1
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
T Fasciculithus spp.
|
54.7
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Rhomboaster bramlettei
|
55.0
|
NP10
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Rhomboaster spp.
|
55.0
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
Paleocene/Eocene boundary
|
55.0
|
|
Berggren et al., 1995
|
T Ericsonia robusta
|
55.9
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Discoaster multiradiatus
|
56.0
|
NP9
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Discoaster okadai
|
56.2
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Discoaster nobilis
|
56.2
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Discoaster backmanii
|
56.9
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Discoaster mohleri
|
57.6
|
NP7
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Fasciculithus clinatus
|
57.7
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Heliolithus kleinpellii
|
58.0
|
NP6
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Sphenolithus anarrhopus
|
58.1
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Heliolithus cantabriae
|
58.3
|
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|
B Fasciculithus tympaniformis
|
59.9
|
NP5
|
Agnini et al., 2007
|