IODP

doi:10.2204/iodp.pr.339.2012

References

Abrantes, F., 1988. Diatom productivity peak and increased circulation during the latest Quaternary: Alboran Basin (western Mediterranean). Mar. Micropaleontol., 13(1):79–96. doi:10.1016/0377-8398(88)90013-8

Alves, T.M., Gawthorpe, R.L., Hunt, D.W., and Monteiro, J.H., 2003. Cenozoic tectono-sedimentary evolution of the western Iberian margin. Mar. Geol., 195(1–4):75–108. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00683-7

Ambar, I., and Howe, M.R., 1979. Observations of the Mediterranean Outflow—II. The deep circulation in the vicinity of the Gulf of Cádiz. Deep-Sea Res., Part A, 26(5):555–568. doi:10.1016/0198-0149(79)90096-7

Argus, D.F., Gordon, R.G., DeMets, C., and Stein, S., 1989. Closure of Africa-Eurasia-North America plate motion circuit and tectonics of the Gloria fault. J. Geophys. Res., [Solid Earth], 94(B5):5585–5602. doi:10.1029/JB094iB05p05585

Baas, J.H., Mienert, J., Abrantes, F., and Prins, M.A., 1997. Late Quaternary sedimentation on the Portuguese continental margin: climate-related processes and products. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 130(1–4):1–23 doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(96)00135-6

Baringer, M.O., and Price, J.F., 1999. A review of the physical oceanography of the Mediterranean Outflow. Mar. Geol., 155(1–2):63–82. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00141-8

Berggren, W.A., and Hollister, C.D., 1974. Paleogeography, paleobiogeography and the history of circulation of the Atlantic Ocean. In Hay, W.W. (Ed.), Studies in Paleooceanography. Spec. Publ.—Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral., 20:126–186.

Bigg, G.R., Jickells, T.D., Liss, P.S., and Osborn, T.J., 2003. The role of the oceans in climate. Int. J. Climatol., 23(10):1127–1159. doi:10.1002/joc.926

Bigg, G.R., and Wadley, M.R., 2001a. Millenial-scale variability in the oceans: an ocean modelling view. J. Quat. Sci., 16(4):309–319. doi:10.1002/jqs.599

Bigg, G.R., and Wadley, M.R., 2001b. The origin and flux of icebergs released into the Last Glacial Maximum Northern Hemisphere oceans: the impact of ice-sheet topography. J. Quat. Sci., 16(6):565–573. doi:10.1002/jqs.628

Blanc, P.-L., 2002. The opening of the Plio-Quaternary Gibraltar Strait: assessing the size of a cataclysm. Geodin. Acta, 15(5–6):303–317. doi:10.1016/S0985-3111(02)01095-1

Borenäs, K.M., Wåhlin, A.K., Ambar, I., and Serra, N., 2002. The Mediterranean Outflow splitting—a comparison between theoretical models and CANIGO data. Deep-Sea Res., Part II, 49(19):4195–4205. doi:10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00150-9

Borges, J.F., Fitas, A.J.S., Bezzeghoud, M., and Teves-Costa, P., 2001. Seismotectonics of Portugal and its adjacent Atlantic area. Tectonophysics, 331(4):373–387. doi:10.1016/S0040-1951(00)00291-2

Bryden, H.L., Candela, J., and Kinder, T.H., 1994. Exchange through the Strait of Gibraltar. Prog. Oceanogr., 33(3):201–248. doi:10.1016/0079-6611(94)90028-0

Bryden, H.L., and Stommel, H.M., 1984. Limiting processes that determine basic features of the circulation in the Mediterranean Sea. Oceanol. Acta, 7:289–296.

Buitrago, J., García, C., Cajebread-Brow, J., Jiménez, A., and Martínez del Olmo, W., 2001. Contouritas: Un Excelente Almacén Casi Desconocido (Golfo de Cádiz, SO de España) [Congreso Técnico Exploración y Producción REPSOL-YPF, Madrid, 24–27 September 2001].

Cacho, I., Grimalt, J.O., Canals, M., Sbaffi, L., Shackleton, N.J., Schönfeld, J., and Zahn, R., 2001. Variability of the western Mediterranean Sea surface temperature during the last 25,000 years and its connection with the Northern Hemisphere climatic changes. Paleoceanography, 16(1):40–52. doi:10.1029/2000PA000502

Cacho, I., Grimalt, J.O., Sierro, F.J., Shackleton, N., and Canals, M., 2000. Evidence for enhanced Mediterranean thermohaline circulation during rapid climatic coolings. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 183(3–4):417–429. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00296-X

Caralp, M., 1992. Paléohydrologie des bassins profonds nord-marocain (Est et Ouest Gibraltar) au Quaternaire terminal: apport des foraminifères benthiques. Bull. Soc. Geol. Fr., 163(2):169–178.

Caralp, M.-H., 1988. Late glacial to recent deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the northeastern Atlantic (Cadiz Gulf) and western Mediterranean (Alboran Sea): paleoceanographic results. Mar. Micropaleontol., 13(3):265–289. doi:10.1016/0377-8398(88)90006-0

Cayre, O., Lancelot, Y., Vincent, E., and Hall, M.A., 1999. Paleoceanographic reconstructions from planktonic foraminifera off the Iberian margin: temperature, salinity, and Heinrich events. Paleoceanography, 14(3):384–396. doi:10.1029/1998PA900027

Cherubin, L., Carton, X., Paillet, J., Morel, Y., and Serpette, A., 2000. Instability of the Mediterranean Water undercurrents southwest of Portugal: effects of baroclinicity and of topography. Oceanol. Acta, 23(5):551–573 doi:10.1016/S0399-1784(00)01105-1

Comas, M.C., Platt, J.P., Soto, J.I., and Watts, A.B., 1999. The origin and tectonic history of the Alboran Basin: insights from Leg 161 results. In Zahn, R., Comas, M.C., and Klaus, A. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 161: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 555–579. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.161.262.1999

de Abreu, L., Shackleton, N.J., Schönfeld, J., Hall, M., and Chapman, M., 2003. Millennial-scale oceanic climate variability off the western Iberian margin during the last two glacial periods. Mar. Geol., 196(1–2):1–20. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00046-X

Díaz-del-Río, V., Somoza, L., Martínez-Frias, J., Mata, M.P., Delgado, A., Hernandez-Molina, F.J., Lunar, R., Martín-Rubí, J.A., Maestro, A., Fernández-Puga, M.C., León, R., Llave E., Medialdea, T., and Vázquez, J.T., 2003. Vast fields of hydrocarbon-derived carbonate chimneys related to the accretionary wedge/olistostrome of the Gulf of Cádiz. Mar. Geol., 195(1–4):177–200. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00687-4

Duggen, S., Hoernle, K., van den Bogaard, P., Rüpke, L., and Morgan, J.P., 2003. Deep roots of the Messinian salinity crisis. Nature (London, U. K.), 422(6932):602–606. doi:10.1038/nature01553

Duplessy, J.-C., Shackleton, N.J., Fairbanks, R.G., Labeyrie, L., Oppo, D., and Kallel, N., 1988. Deepwater source variations during the last climatic cycle and their impact on the global deepwater circulation. Paleoceanography, 3(3):343–360. doi:10.1029/PA003i003p00343

Faugères, J.-C., Frappa, M., Gonthier, E., de Resseguier, A., and Stow, D., 1985. Modelé et facies de type contourite à la surface d’une ride sédimentaire édifiée par des courants issus de la veine d’eau méditerranéenne (ride du Faro, Golfe de Cadix). Bull. Soc. Geol. Fr., 1(1):35–47.

Fernández-Puga, M.C., Vázquez, J.T., Somoza, L., Díaz del Rio, V., Medialdea, T., Mata, M.P., and León, R., 2007. Gas-related morphologies and diapirism in the Gulf of Cádiz. Geo-Mar. Lett., 27(2–4):213–221. doi:10.1007/s00367-007-0076-0

Fiúza, A.F.G., Hamann, M., Ambar, I., Díaz del Río, G., González, N., and Cabanas, J.M., 1998. Water masses and their circulation off western Iberia during May 1993. Deep-Sea Res., Part I, 45:(7)1127–1160. doi:10.1016/S0967-0637(98)00008-9

Flower, B.P., Oppo, D.W., McManus, J.F., Venz, K.A., Hodell, D.A., and Cullen, J.L., 2000. North Atlantic Intermediate to Deep Water circulation and chemical stratification during the past 1 Myr. Paleoceanography, 15(4):388–403. doi:10.1029/1999PA000430

García, M., Hernández-Molina, F.J., Llave, E., Stow, D.A.V., León, R., Fernández-Puga, M.C., Díaz del Río, V., and Somoza, L., 2009. Contourite erosive features caused by the Mediterranean Outflow Water in the Gulf of Cádiz: Quaternary tectonic and oceanographic implications. Mar. Geol., 257(1–4):24–40 doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2008.10.009

Garcia-Castellanos, D., Estrada, F., Jiménez-Munt, I., Gorini, C., Fernàndez, M., Vergés, J., and De Vicente, R., 2009. Catastrophic flood of the Mediterranean after the Messinian salinity crisis. Nature (London, U. K.), 462(7274):778–781. doi:10.1038/nature08555

Gardner, J.V., and Kidd, R.B., 1987. Sedimentary processes on the northwestern Iberian continental margin viewed by long-range side-scan sonar and seismic data. J. Sediment. Res., 57(3):397–407. doi:10.1306/212F8B43-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D

Gonthier, E.G., Faugeres, J.C., and Stow, D.A.V., 1984. Contourite facies of the Faro Drift, Gulf of Cádiz. In Stow, D.A.V., and Piper, D.J.W. (Eds.), Fine-Grained Sediments: Deep Water Processes and Facies. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 15:275–292. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.015.01.18

Gràcia, E., Dañobeitia, J., Vergés, J., Bartolomé, R., and Córdoba, D., 2003a. Crustal architecture and tectonic evolution of the Gulf of Cádiz (SW Iberian margin) at the convergence of the Eurasian and African plates. Tectonics, 22(4):1033–1051. doi:10.1029/2001TC901045

Gràcia, E., Dañobeitia, J., Vergés, J., and PARSIFAL Team, 2003b. Mapping active faults offshore Portugal (36°N–38°N): implications for seismic hazard assessment along the southwest Iberian margin. Geology, 31(1):83–86. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0083:MAFOPN>2.0.CO;2

Gutscher, M.-A., 2004. What caused the Great Lisbon Earthquake? Science, 305(5688):1247–1248. doi:10.1126/science.1101351

Gutscher, M.-A., Malod, J., Rehault, J.-P., Contrucci, I., Klingelhoefer, F., Mendes-Victor, L., and Spakman, W., 2002. Evidence for active subduction beneath Gibraltar. Geology, 30(12):1071–1074. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<1071:EFASBG>2.0.CO;2

Habgood, E.L., Kenyon, N.H., Masson, D.G., Akhmetzhanov, A., Weaver, P.P.E., Gardner, J., and Mulder, T., 2003. Deep-water sediment wave fields, bottom current sand channels, and gravity flow channel-lobe systems: Gulf of Cádiz, NE Atlantic. Sedimentology, 50(3):483–510. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3091.2003.00561.x

Hall, I.R., and McCave, I.N., 2000. Palaeocurrent reconstruction, sediment, and thorium focussing on the Iberian margin over the last 140 ka. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 178(1–2):151–164. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00068-6

Hanquiez, V., Mulder, T., Lecroart, P., Gonthier, E., Marchès, E., and Voisset, M., 2007. High resolution seafloor images in the Gulf of Cádiz, Iberian margin. Mar. Geol., 246(1):42–59. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2007.08.002

Hernández-Molina, J., Llave, E., Somoza, L., Fernández-Puga, M.C., Maestro, A., León, R., Medialdea, T., Barnolas, A., García, M., Díaz del Río, V., Fernández-Salas, L.M., Vázquez, J.T., Lobo, F., Alveirinho Dias, J.M., Rodero, J., and Gardner, J., 2003. Looking for clues to paleoceanographic imprints: a diagnosis of the Gulf of Cádiz contourite depositional systems. Geology, 31(1):19–22. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0019:LFCTPI>2.0.CO;2

Hernández-Molina, F.J., Llave, E., Stow, D.A.V., García, M., Somoza, L., Vázquez, J.T., Lobo, F.J., Maestro, A., Díaz del Río, V., León, R., Medialdea, T., and Gardner, J., 2006. The contourite depositional system of the Gulf of Cádiz: a sedimentary model related to the bottom current activity of the Mediterranean Outflow Water and its interaction with the continental margin. Deep-Sea Res., Part II, 53(11–13):1420–1463. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2006.04.016

Hernández-Molina, F.J., Matias, H., Llave, E., and Stow, D.A.V., 2009. Onset of contourite deposition in the Gulf of Cádiz: preliminary results [6th Symposium on the Iberian Atlantic Margin (MIA 09), 1–5 December 2009, Oviedo, Spain].

Hernández-Molina, F.J., Serra, N., Stow, D.A.V., Llave, E., Ercilla, G., and Van Rooij, D., 2011. Along-slope oceanographic processes and sedimentary products around the Iberian margin. Geo-Mar. Lett., 31(5–6):315–341. doi:10.1007/s00367-011-0242-2

Hernández-Molina, F.J., Somoza, L., Vazquez, J.T., Lobo, F., Fernández-Puga, M.C., Llave, E., and Díaz-del Río, V., 2002. Quaternary stratigraphic stacking patterns on the continental shelves of the southern Iberian Peninsula: their relationship with global climate and palaeoceanographic changes. Quat. Int., 92(1):5–23. doi:10.1016/S1040-6182(01)00111-2

Hsü, K.J., Montadert, L., Bernoulli, D., Cita, M.B., Erickson, A., Garrison, R.E., Kidd, R.B., Melières, F., Müller, C., and Wright, R., 1978. History of the Mediterranean salinity crisis. In Hsü, K.J., Montadert, L., et al., Init. Repts. DSDP, 42 (Pt. 1): Washington, DC (U.S. Govt. Printing Office), 1053–1078. doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.42-1.155.1978

Iorga, M.C., and Lozier, M.S., 1999. Signatures of the Mediterranean Outflow from a North Atlantic climatology—1. Salinity and density fields. J. Geophys. Res., [Oceans], 104(C11):25985–26029. doi:10.1029/1999JC900115

Johnson, J., and Stevens, I., 2000. A fine resolution model of the eastern North Atlantic between the Azores, the Canary Islands, and the Gibraltar Strait. Deep-Sea Res., Part I, 47(5):875–899. doi:10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00073-4

Johnson, R.G., 1997. Climate control requires a dam at the Strait of Gibraltar. Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 78(27):277–281. doi:10.1029/97EO00180

Kenyon, N.H., and Belderson, R.H., 1973. Bed forms of the Mediterranean undercurrent observed with side-scan sonar. Sediment. Geol., 9(2):77–99. doi:10.1016/0037-0738(73)90027-4

Lebreiro, S.M., 2010. Circum-Iberia turbidites and contourites: enhancement of processes by AMOC millennial-scale climate changes. Geo-Temas, 11:93–94.

Lebreiro, S.M., McCave, I.N., and Weaver, P.P.E., 1997. Late Quaternary turbidite emplacement on the Horseshoe Abyssal Plain (Iberian margin). J. Sediment. Res., 67(5):856–870. DOI:10.1306/D4268658-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D

Lebreiro, S.M., Moreno, J.C., McCave, I.N., and Weaver, P.P.E., 1996. Evidence for Heinrich layers off Portugal (Tore Seamount: 39°N, 12°W). Mar. Geol., 131(1–2):47–56. doi:10.1016/0025-3227(95)00142-5

Lebreiro, S.M., Voelker, A.H.L., Vizcaino, A., Abrantes, F.G., Alt-Epping, U., Jung, S., Thouveny, N., and Gràcia, E., 2009. Sediment instability on the Portuguese continental margin under abrupt glacial climate changes (last 60 kyr). Quat. Sci. Rev., 28(27–28):3211–3223. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.08.007

Llave, E., Hernández-Molina, F.J., Somoza, L., Díaz del Río, V., Stow, D.A.V., Maestro, A., and Alveirinho Dias, J.M., 2001. Seismic stacking pattern of the Faro-Albufeira contourite system (Gulf of Cádiz): a Quaternary record of paleoceanographic and tectonic influences. Mar. Geophys. Res., 22(5–6):487–508. doi:10.1023/A:1016355801344

Llave, E., Hernández-Molina, F.J., Somoza, L., Stow, D.A.V., and Díaz Del Río, V., 2007. Quaternary evolution of the contourite depositional system in the Gulf of Cádiz. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 276:49–79. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2007.276.01.03

Llave, E., Matias, H., Hernández-Molina, F.J., Ercilla, G., Stow, D.A.V., and Medialdea, T., 2010. Pliocene and Quaternary seismic stacking pattern and distribution of contourites in the Algarve margin (northern Gulf of Cádiz, Spain). Geo-Temas, 11:103–104.

Llave, E., Matias, H., Hernández-Molina, F.J., Ercilla, G., Stow, D.A.V., and Medialdea, T., 2011. Pliocene–Quaternary contourites along the northern Gulf of Cadiz margin: sedimentary stacking pattern and regional distribution. Geo-Mar. Lett., 31(5–6):377–390. doi:10.1007/s00367-011-0241-3

Llave, E., Schönfeld, J., Hernández-Molina, F.J., Mulder, T., Somoza, L., Díaz del Río, V., and Sánchez-Almazo, I., 2006. High-resolution stratigraphy of the Mediterranean Outflow contourite system in the Gulf of Cádiz during the late Pleistocene: the impact of Heinrich events. Mar. Geol., 227(3–4):241–262. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2005.11.015

Loget, N., and Van Den Driessche, J., 2006. On the origin of the Strait of Gibraltar. Sediment. Geol., 188–189:341–356. doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2006.03.012

Lobo, F.J., Dias, J.M.A., Vázquez, J.T., Díaz del Río, V., González, R., and Fernández-Puga, M.C., 2003. New data about neotectonic activity in the eastern Algarve shelf, Gulf of Cádiz, SW Iberian Peninsula. Thalassas, 19(2):63–64.

Lopes, F.C., Cunha, P.P., and Le Gall, B., 2006. Cenozoic seismic stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of the Algarve margin (offshore Portugal, southwestern Iberian Peninsula). Mar. Geol., 231(1–4):1–36. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2006.05.007

Löwemark, L., Schönfeld, J., Werner, F., and Schäfer, P., 2004. Trace fossils as a paleoceanographic tool: evidence from late Quaternary sediments of the southwestern Iberian margin. Mar. Geol., 204(1–2):27–41. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00351-7

Madelain, F., 1970. Influence de la topographie du fond sur l`écoulement méditerranéen entre le Détroit de Gibraltar et le Cap Saint-Vincent. Cah. Oceanogr., 22:43–61.

Maestro, A., Somoza, L., Díaz del Río, V., Vázquez, J.T., Martín-Alfageme, S., Alveirinho, J.M., Barnolas, A., and Vegas, R., 1998. Neotectónica transpresiva en la plataforma continental Suribérica Atlántica. Geogaceta, 24:203–206.

Maestro, A., Somoza, L., Medialdea, T., Talbot, C.J., Lowrie, A., Vázquez, J.T., and Díaz del Río, V., 2003. Large-scale slope failure involving Triassic and middle Miocene salt and shale in the Gulf of Cádiz (Atlantic Iberian margin). Terra Nova, 15(6):380–391. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3121.2003.00513.x

Maldonado, A., Somoza, L., and Pallarés, L., 1999. The Betic orogen and the Iberian–African boundary in the Gulf of Cádiz: geological evolution (central North Atlantic). Mar. Geol., 155(1–2):9–43. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00139-X

Malod, J.A., and Mauffret, A., 1990. Iberian plate motions during the Mesozoic. In Boillot, G., and Fontbote, J.M. (Eds.), Alpine Evolution of Iberia and its Continental Margins. Tectonophysics, 184(3–4):261–278. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(90)90443-C

Marchès, E., Mulder, T., Cremer, M., Bonnel, C., Hanquiez, V., Gonthier, E., and Lecroart, P., 2007. Contourite drift construction influenced by capture of Mediterranean Outflow Water deep-sea current by the Portimão submarine canyon (Gulf of Cádiz, South Portugal). Mar. Geol., 242(4):247–260. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2007.03.013

Medialdea, T., Somoza, L., Pinheiro, L.M., Fernández-Puga, M.C., Vázquez, J.T., León, R., Ivanov, M.K., Magalhaes, V., Díaz del Río, V., and Vegas, R., 2009. Tectonics and mud volcano development in the Gulf of Cádiz. Mar. Geol., 261(1–4):48–63. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2008.10.007

Medialdea, T., Vegas, R., Somoza, L., Vázquez, J.T., Maldonado, A., Díaz-del-Río, V., Maestro, A., Córdoba, D., and Fernández-Puga, M.C., 2004. Structure and evolution of the “Olistostrome” complex of the Gibraltar arc in the Gulf of Cádiz (eastern Central Atlantic): evidence from two long seismic cross-sections. Mar. Geol., 209(1–4):173–198. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.05.029

Melières, F., 1974. Recherches sur la dynamique sédimentaire du golfe de Cádiz (Espagne) [Thèse Doctorat d’Etat]. Univ. Paris.

Millot, C., 1999. Circulation in the western Mediterranean Sea. J. Mar. Syst., 20(1–4):423–442. doi:10.1016/S0924-7963(98)00078-5

Millot, C., 2009. Another description of the Mediterranean Sea Outflow. Prog. Oceanogr., 82(2):101–124. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2009.04.016

Moreno, E., Thouveny, N., Delanghe, D., McCave, I.N., and Shackleton, N.J., 2002. Climatic and oceanographic changes in the northeast Atlantic reflected by magnetic properties of sediments deposited on the Portuguese margin during the last 340 ka. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 202(2):465–480. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00787-2

Mougenot, D., 1988. Géologie de la Marge Portugaise [Thése Doctorat d’Etat des Sciences Naturelles]. Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris.

Mulder, C.J., and Parry, G.R., 1977. Late Tertiary evolution of the Alboran Sea at the eastern entrance of the Strait of Gibraltar. In Biju-Duval, B., and Montadert, L. (Eds.), Structural History of the Mediterranean Basins: Paris (Ed. Technip), 401–410.

Mulder, T., Lecroart, P., Hanquiez, V., Marches, E., Gonthier, E., Guedes, J.-C., Thiébot, E., Jaaidi, B., Kenyon, N., Voisset, M., Perez, C., Sayago, M., Fuchey, Y., and Bujan, S., 2006. The western part of the Gulf of Cádiz: contour currents and turbidity currents interactions. Geo-Mar. Lett., 26(1):31–41. doi:10.1007/s00367-005-0013-z

Mulder, T., Voisset, M., Lecroart, P., Le Drezen, E., Gonthier, E., Hanquiez, V., Faugères, J.-C., Habgood, E., Hernandez-Molina, F.J., Estrada, F., Llave-Barranco, E., Poirier, D., Gorini, C., Fuchey, Y., Volker, A., Freitas, P., Lobo Sanchez, F., Fernandez, L.M., and Morel, J., 2003. The Gulf of Cádiz: an unstable giant contouritic levee. Geo-Mar. Lett., 23(1):7–18. doi:10.1007/s00367-003-0119-0

Murillas, J., Mougenot, D., Boillot, G., Comas, M.C., Banda, E., and Mauffret, A., 1990. Structure and evolution of the Galicia Interior Basin (Atlantic western Iberian continental margin). Tectonophysics, 184(3–4):297–319. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(90)90445-E

Nelson, C.H., Baraza, J., and Maldonado, A., 1993. Mediterranean undercurrent sandy contourites, Gulf of Cádiz, Spain. Sediment. Geol., 82(1–4):103–131. doi:10.1016/0037-0738(93)90116-M

Nelson, C.H., Baraza, J., Maldonado, A., Rodero, J., Escutia, C., and Barber, J.H., Jr., 1999. Influence of the Atlantic inflow and Mediterranean outflow currents on late Quarternary sedimentary facies of Gulf of Cádiz continental margin. Mar. Geol., 155(1–2):99–129. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00143-1

Neves, M.C., Terrinha, P., Afilhado, A., Moulin, M., Matias, L., and Rosas, F., 2009. Response of a multi-domain continental margin to compression: study from seismic reflection–refraction and numerical modelling in the Tagus Abyssal Plain. Tectonophysics, 468(1–4):113–130. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.05.008

Ochoa, J., and Bray, N.A., 1991. Water mass exchange in the Gulf of Cádiz. Deep-Sea Res., Part A, 38(S1):S465–S503.

Olivet, J.L., 1996. La cinématique de la plaque ibérique. Bull. Cent. Rech. Explor.–Prod. Elf-Aquitaine, 20:131–195.

Pinheiro, L.M., Wilson, R.C.L., Pena dos Reis, R., Whitmarsh, R.B., and Ribeiro, A., 1996. The Western Iberia margin: a geophysical and geological overview. In Whitmarsh, R.B., Sawyer, D.S., Klaus, A., and Masson, D.G. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 149: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 3–23. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.149.246.1996

Rahmstorf, S., 1998. Influence of Mediterranean Outflow on climate. Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 79(24):281–282. doi:10.1029/98EO00208

Raymo, M.E., Oppo, D.W., Flower, B.P., Hodell, D.A., McManus, J.F., Venz, K.A., Kleiven, K.F., and McIntyre, K., 2004. Stability of North Atlantic water masses in face of pronounced climate variability during the Pleistocene. Paleoceanography, 19:PA2008. doi:10.1029/2003PA000921

Rebesco, M., and Camerlenghi, A. (Eds.), 2008. Contourites. Dev. Sedimentol., 60.

Ribeiro, A., Kullberg, M.C., Kullberg, J.C., Manuppella, G., and Phipps, S., 1990. A review of Alpine tectonics in Portugal: foreland detachment in basement and cover rocks. Tectonophysics, 184(3–4):357–366. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(90)90448-H

Richardson, P.L., Bower, A.S., and Zenk, W., 2000. A census of meddies tracked by floats. Progr. Oceanogr., 45(2):209–250. doi:10.1016/S0079-6611(99)00053-1

Ryan, W.B.F., Hsü, K.J., Cita, M.B., Dumitrica, P., Lort, J., Maync, W., Nesteroff, W.D., Pautot, G., Stradner, H., and Wezel., F.C., 1973. Western Alboran Basin—Site 121. In Ryan, W.B.F., Hsü, K.J., et al., Init. Repts. DSDP, 13: Washington, DC (U.S. Govt. Printing Office), 43–89. doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.13.103.1973

Sarnthein, M., Winn, K., Jung, S.J.A., Duplessy, J.-C., Labeyrie, L., Erlenkeuser, H., and Ganssen, G., 1994. Changes in East Atlantic deepwater circulation over the last 30,000 years: eight time slice reconstructions. Paleoceanography, 9(2):209–267. doi:10.1029/93PA03301

Schönfeld, J., 1997. The impact of the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) on benthic foraminiferal assemblages and surface sediments at the southern Portuguese continental margin. Mar. Micropaleontol., 29(3–4):211–236. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(96)00050-3

Schönfeld, J., 2002. Recent benthic foraminiferal assemblages in deep high-energy environments from the Gulf of Cádiz (Spain). Mar. Micropaleontol., 44(3–4):141–162. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(01)00039-1

Schönfeld, J., and Zahn, R., 2000. Late glacial to Holocene history of the Mediterranean Outflow. Evidence from benthic foraminiferal assemblages and stable isotopes at the Portuguese margin. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 159(1–2):85–111. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00035-3

Schönfeld, J., Zahn, R., and de Abreu, L., 2003. Surface and deep water response to rapid climate changes at the western Iberian margin. Global Planet. Change, 36(4):237–264. doi:10.1016/S0921-8181(02)00197-2

Serra, N., Ambar, I., and Boutov, D., 2010a. Surface expression of Mediterranean water dipoles and their contribution to the shelf/slope–open ocean exchange. Ocean Sci., 6(1):191–209. doi:10.5194/os-6-191-2010

Serra, N., Käse, R.H., Köhl, A., Stammer, D., and Quadfasel, D. 2010b. On the low-frequency phase relation between the Denmark Strait and the Faroe-Bank Channel overflows. Tellus, Ser. A, 62(4):530–550. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2010.00445.x

Shackleton, N.J., Fairbanks, R.G., Chiu, T.-C., and Parrenin, F., 2004. Absolute calibration of the Greenland time scale: implications for Antarctic time scales and for Δ14C. Quat. Sci. Rev., 23(14–15):1513–1522. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.03.006

Shackleton, N.J., Hall, M.A., and Vincent, E., 2000. Phase relationships between millennial-scale events 64,000–24,000 years ago. Paleoceanography, 15(6):565–569. doi:10.1029/2000PA000513

Sierro, F.J., Hodell, D.A., Curtis, J.H., Flores, J.A., Reguera, I., Colmenero-Hidalgo, E., Bárcena, M.A., Grimalt, J.O., Cacho, I., Frigola, J., and Canals, M., 2005. Impact of iceberg melting on Mediterranean thermohaline circulation during Heinrich events. Paleoceanography, 20(2):PA2019. doi:10.1029/2004PA001051

Sierro, F.J., Ledesma, S., Flores, J.-A., Torrescusa, S., and Martínez del Olmo, W., 2000. Sonic and gamma-ray astrochronology: cycle to cycle calibration of Atlantic climatic to Mediterranean sapropels and astronomical oscillations. Geology, 28(8):695–698. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<695:SAGACT>2.0.CO;2

Slater, D.R., 2003. The transport of Mediterranean water in the north Atlantic Ocean [Ph.D. dissert.]. Univ. Southampton.

Smith, W.H.F., and Sandwell, D.T., 1997. Global sea floor topography from satellite altimetry and ship depth soundings. Science, 277(5334):1956–1962. doi:10.1126/science.277.5334.1956

Somoza, L., Díaz-del-Rio, V., León, R., Ivanov, M., Fernández-Puga, M.C., Gardner, J.M., Hernández-Molina, F.J., Pinheiro, L.M., Rodero, J., Lobato, A., Maestro, A., Vázquez, J.T., Medialdea, T., and Fernández-Salas, L.M., 2003. Seabed morphology and hydrocarbon seepage in the Gulf of Cádiz mud volcano area: acoustic imagery, multibeam and ultra-high resolution seismic data. Mar. Geol., 195(1–4):153–176. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00686-2

Srivastava, S.P., Schouten, H., Roest, W.R., Klitgord, K.D., Kovacs, L.C., Verhoef, J., and Macnab, R., 1990. Iberian plate kinematics: a jumping plate boundary between Eurasia and Africa. Nature (London, U. K.), 344(6268):756–759. doi:10.1038/344756a0

Srivastava, S.P., Sibuet, J.-C., Cande, S., Roest, W.R., and Reid, I.D., 2000. Magnetic evidence for slow seafloor spreading during the formation of the Newfoundland and Iberian margins. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 182(1):61–76. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00231-4

Stow, D.A.V., Faugères, J.-C., and Gonthier, E., 1986. Facies distribution and textural variation in Faro Drift contourites: velocity fluctuation and drift growth. Mar. Geol., 72(1–2):71–100. doi:10.1016/0025-3227(86)90100-3

Stow, D.A.V., Faugères, J.-C., Gonthier, E., Cremer, M., Llave, E., Hernández-Molina, F.J., Somoza, L., and Díaz del Río, V., 2002. Faro-Albufeira drift complex, northern Gulf of Cádiz. Mem.—Geol. Soc. London, 22(1):137–154. doi:10.1144/GSL.MEM.2002.022.01.11

Terrinha, P., Matias, L., Vicente, J., Duarte, J., Luís, J., Pinheiro, L., Lourenço, N., Diez, S., Rosas, F., Magalhães, V., Valadares, V., Zitellini, N., Roque, C., Mendes Víctor, L., and MATESPRO Team, 2009. Morphotectonics and strain partitioning at the Iberia-Africa plate boundary from multibeam and seismic reflection data. Mar. Geol., 267(3–4):156–174. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2009.09.012

Terrinha, P., Pinheiro, L.M., Henriet, J.-P., Matias, L., Ivanov, M.K., Monteiro, J.H., Akhmetzhanov, A., Volkonskaya, A., Cunha, T., Shaskin, P., and Rovere, M., 2003. Tsunamigenic-seismogenic structures, neotectonics, sedimentary processes, and slope stability on the southwest Portuguese margin. Mar. Geol., 195(1–4):55–73. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00682-5

Thorpe, S.A., 1976. Variability of the Mediterranean undercurrent in the Gulf of Cádiz. Deep-Sea Res. Oceanogr. Abstr., 23(8):711–727. doi:10.1016/S0011-7471(76)80016-2

Thouveny, N., Moreno, E., Delanghe, D., Candon, L., Lancelot, Y., and Shackleton, N.J., 2000. Rock magnetic detection of distal ice-rafted debries: clue for the identification of Heinrich layers on the Portuguese margin. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 180(1–2):61–75. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00155-2

van Aken, H.M., 2000. The hydrography of the mid-latitude Northeast Atlantic Ocean, II. The intermediate water masses. Deep-Sea Res., Part I, 47(5):789–824. doi:10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00112-0

Voelker, A.H.L., and Lebreiro, S.M., 2010. Millennial-scale changes in deep water properties at the mid-depth western Iberian margin linked to Mediterranean Outflow Water activity. Geo-Temas, 11:85–186.

Voelker, A.H.L., Lebreiro, S.M., Schönfeld, J., Cacho, I., Erlenkeuser, H., and Abrantes, F., 2006. Mediterranean Outflow strengthening during Northern Hemisphere coolings: a salt source for the glacial Atlantic? Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 245(1–2):39–55. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.03.014

Wilson, R.C.L., Sawyer, D.S., Whitmarsh, R.B., Zerong, J., and Carbonell, J., 1996. Seismic stratigraphy and tectonic history of the Iberia Abyssal Plain. In Whitmarsh, R.B., Sawyer, D.S., Klaus, A., and Masson, D.G. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 149: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 617–633. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.149.245.1996

Zenk, W., 1975. On the Mediterranean Outflow west of Gibraltar. “Meteor” Forschungsergeb., Reihe A, 16:23–34.

Zitellini, N., Gràcia, E., Matias, L., Terrinha, P., Abreu, M.A., DeAlteriis, G., Henriet, J.P., Dañobeitia, J.J., Masson, D.G., Mulder, T., Ramella, R., Somoza, L., and Diez, S., 2009. The quest for the Africa–Eurasia plate boundary west of the Strait of Gibraltar. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 280(1–4):13–50. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.12.005