Proc. IODP, 327, Design, deployment, and status of borehole observatory systems used for single-hole and cross-hole experiments, IODP Expedition 327, eastern flank of Juan de Fuca Ridge

IODP Proceedings Volume contents Search


Expedition reports Research results Supplementary material Drilling maps Expedition bibliography
Chapter contents Abstract Motivation, background, and overview of experimental design Long-term borehole observatory systems ODP Leg 168 and IODP Expeditions 301 and 327 and related experiments Experimental borehole configurations Expedition 327 CORK holes and CORK mechanical and hydraulic features Expedition 327 CORK sensors and sampling Pressure Temperature Continuous fluid sampling Microbiological growth incubators Configuration of Expedition 327 CORKs Hole U1362A Hole U1362B Status of CORKs installed before Expedition 327 Hole U1301A Hole U1301B Hole 1026B Hole 1027C Plans for ongoing and future experiments Acknowledgments References Figures F1. Maps of CORK locations. F2. Features of new CORK systems. F3. Expedition 301 CORK wellheads. F4. CORK seal systems and components. F5. Perforated and screened CORK components. F6. CORK umbilical bundles and tubing. F7. Large-diameter ball-valve system. F8. Pressure logging systems. F9. Temperature logging systems. F10. Typical temperature logger calibration results. F11. OsmoSampler systems. F12. Microbiological colonization and growth experiments. F13. Layout and distribution of Hole U1362A CORK instruments. F14. Hole U1362A CORK wellhead. F15. Layout and distribution of Hole U1362B CORK instruments. F16. Hole U1362B CORK wellhead. F17. Hole U1301A CORK wellhead. F18. Hole U1301B CORK wellhead. F19. Hole 1026B CORK wellhead. Tables T1. Hole, casing, and CORK parameters. T2. Pressure and logging system specifications. T3. Temperature loggers and string parameters. T4. OsmoSampler specifications. T5. Monitoring and sampling points. PDF file			Previous \| Next doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.327.107.2011 References Becker, K., and Davis, E.E., 2005. A review of CORK designs and operations during the Ocean Drilling Program. In Fisher, A.T., Urabe, T., Klaus, A., and the Expedition 301 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 301: College Station, TX (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc.). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.301.104.2005 Boschker, H.T.S., Nold, S.C., Wellsbury, P., Bos, D., de Graaf, W., Pel, R., Parkes, R.J., and Cappenberg, T.E., 1998. Direct linking of microbial populations to specific biogeochemical processes by 13C-labeling of biomarkers. Nature (London, U. K.), 392(6678):801–805. doi:10.1038/33900 Davis, E.E., and Becker, K., 2002. Observations of natural-state fluid pressures and temperatures in young oceanic crust and inferences regarding hydrothermal circulation. Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett., 204(1–2):231–248. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00982-2 Davis, E.E., and Becker, K., 2004. Observations of temperature and pressure: constraints on ocean crustal hydrologic state, properties, and flow. In Davis, E.E., and Elderfield, H. (Eds.), Hydrogeology of the Oceanic Lithosphere: Cambridge (Cambridge Univ. Press), 225–271. Davis, E.E., Becker, K., Pettigrew, T., Carson, B., and MacDonald, R., 1992a. CORK: a hydrologic seal and downhole observatory for deep-ocean boreholes. In Davis, E.E., Mottl, M.J., Fisher, A.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 139: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 43–53. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.139.103.1992 Davis, E.E., Chapman, D.S., Mottl, M.J., Bentkowski, W.J., Dadey, K., Forster, C., Harris, R., Nagihara, S., Rohr, K., Wheat, G., and Whiticar, M., 1992b. FlankFlux: an experiment to study the nature of hydrothermal circulation in young oceanic crust. Can. J. Earth Sci., 29(5):925–952. Davis, E.E., Fisher, A.T., Firth, J.V., et al., 1997. Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 168: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program). doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.168.1997 Davis, E.E., LaBonte, A., He, J., Becker, K., and Fisher, A., 2010. Thermally stimulated “runaway” downhole flow in a superhydrostatic ocean crustal borehole: observations, simulations, and inferences regarding crustal permeability. J. Geophys. Res., [Solid Earth], 115(B7):B07102. doi:10.1029/2009JB006986 Edwards, K.J., McCollom, T.M., Konishi, H., and Buseck, P.R., 2003. Seafloor bioalteration of sulfide minerals: results from in situ incubation studies. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 67(15):2843–2856. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00089-9 Expedition 301 Scientists, 2005a. Site 1026. In Fisher, A.T., Urabe, T., Klaus, A., and the Expedition 301 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 301: College Station, TX (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc.). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.301.107.2005 Expedition 301 Scientists, 2005b. Site U1301. In Fisher, A.T., Urabe, T., Klaus, A., and the Expedition 301 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 301: College Station, TX (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc.). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.301.106.2005 Fisher, A.T., Becker, K., and Davis, E.E., 1997. The permeability of young oceanic crust east of Juan de Fuca Ridge determined using borehole thermal measurements. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24(11):1311–1314. doi:10.1029/97GL01286 Fisher, A.T., Davis, E.E., and Becker, K., 2008. Borehole-to-borehole hydrologic response across 2.4 km in the upper oceanic crust: implications for crustal-scale properties. J. Geophys. Res., [Solid Earth], 113(B7):B07106. doi:10.1029/2007JB005447 Fisher, A.T., and IODP Expedition 321T Scientific Party, 2010. IODP Expedition 321T: cementing operations at Holes U1301A and U1301B, eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Sci. Drill., 9:16–19. doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.9.02.2010 Fisher, A.T., Wheat, C.G., Becker, K., Davis, E.E., Jannasch, H., Schroeder, D., Dixon, R., Pettigrew, T.L., Meldrum, R., McDonald, R., Nielsen, M., Fisk, M., Cowen, J., Bach, W., and Edwards, K., 2005. Scientific and technical design and deployment of long-term subseafloor observatories for hydrogeologic and related experiments, IODP Expedition 301, eastern flank of Juan de Fuca Ridge. In Fisher, A.T., Urabe, T., Klaus, A., and the Expedition 301 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 301: College Station, TX (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc.). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.301.103.2005 Ginige, M.P., Hugenholtz, P., Daims, H., Wagner, M., Keller, J., and Blackall, L.L., 2004. Use of stable-isotope probing, full-cycle rRNA analysis, and fluorescence in situ hybridization-microautoradiography to study a methanol-fed denitrifying microbial community. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 70(1):588–596. doi:10.1128/AEM.70.1.588-596.2004 Jannasch, H.W., Wheat, C.G., Plant, J.N., Kastner, M., and Stakes, D.S., 2004. Continuous chemical monitoring with osmotically pumped water samplers: OsmoSampler design and applications. Limnol. Oceanogr.: Methods, 2:102–113. http://aslo.org/lomethods/free/2004/0102.pdf Orcutt, B.N., Bach, W., Becker, K., Fisher, A.T., Hentscher, M., Toner, B.M., Wheat, C.G., and Edwards, K.J., 2011. Colonization of subsurface microbial observatories deployed in young ocean crust. ISME J., 5(4):692–703. doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.157 Orcutt, B., Wheat, C.G., and Edwards, K.J., 2010. Subseafloor ocean crust microbial observatories: development of FLOCS (FLow-through Osmo Colonization System) and evaluation of borehole construction materials. Geomicrobiol. J., 27(2):143–157. doi:10.1080/01490450903456772 Orphan, V.J., House, C.H., Hinrichs, K.-U., McKeegan, K.D., and DeLong, E.F., 2001. Methane-consuming archaea revealed by directly coupled isotopic and phylogenetic analysis. Science, 293(5529):484–487. doi:10.1126/science.1061338 Radajewski, S., Ineson, P., Parekh, N.R., and Murrell, J.C., 2000. Stable-isotope probing as a tool in microbial ecology. Nature (London, U. K.), 403(6770):646–649. doi:10.1038/35001054 Ryan, W.B.F., Carbotte, S.M., Coplan, J.O., O’Hara, S., Melkonian, A., Arko, R., Weissel, R.A., Ferrini, V., Goodwillie, A., Nitsche, F., Bonczkowski, J., and Zemsky, R., 2009. Global multi-resolution topography synthesis. Geochem., Geophys., Geosyst., 10(3):Q03014. doi:10.1029/2008GC002332 Shipboard Scientific Party, 1997. Rough basement transect (Sites 1026 and 1027). In Davis, E.E., Fisher, A.T., Firth, J.V., et al., Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 168: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 101–160. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.168.105.1997 Smith, A., Popa, R., Fisk, M., Nielsen, M., Wheat, C.G., Jannasch, H., Fisher, A.T., Becker, K., Sievert, S., and Flores, G., submitted. A novel method for studying in situ microbial colonization of igneous minerals and glasses in ocean crust. Geochem., Geophys., Geosyst. Wheat, C.G., Jannasch, H.W., Fisher, A.T., Becker, K., Sharkey, J., and Hulme, S., 2010. Subseafloor seawater-basalt-microbe reactions: continuous sampling of borehole fluids in a ridge flank environment. Geochem., Geophys., Geosyst., 11(7):Q07011. doi:10.1029/2010GC003057 Wheat, C.G., and Mottl, M.J., 2000. Composition of pore and spring waters from Baby Bare: global implications of geochemical fluxes from a ridge flank hydrothermal system. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 64(4):629–642. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00347-6 Zühlsdorff, L., Hutnak, M., Fisher, A.T., Spiess, V., Davis, E.E., Nedimovic, M., Carbotte, S., Villinger, H., and Becker, K., 2005. Site surveys related to IODP Expedition 301: ImageFlux (SO149) and RetroFlux (TN116) expeditions and earlier studies. In Fisher, A.T., Urabe, T., Klaus, A., and the Expedition 301 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 301: College Station, TX (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc.). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.301.102.2005 Top of page \| Previous \| Next

References