Proc. IODP, 342, Site U1409

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Chapter contents Background and objectives Operations Hole U1409A summary Hole U1409B summary Hole U1409C summary Description Lithostratigraphy Unit I Unit II Unit III Unit IV Lithostratigraphic unit summary Cyclicity in middle Eocene sediment Biostratigraphy Calcareous nannofossils Radiolarians Planktonic foraminifers Benthic foraminifers Paleomagnetism Results Magnetostratigraphy Magnetic susceptibility and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility Age-depth model and mass accumulation rates Age-depth model Linear sedimentation rates Mass accumulation rates Geochemistry Headspace gas samples Interstitial water samples Sediment samples Physical properties Magnetic susceptibility Density and porosity P-wave velocity Natural gamma radiation Color reflectance Thermal conductivity Stratigraphic correlation Sampling splice Correlation during drilling operations Correlation and splice construction References Figures F1. Site map. F2. Seismic KNR179-1 Line 20. F3. Seismic KNR179-1 Line 29. F4. Lithostratigraphic summary. F5. Common lithologies. F6. Dominant lithologies, Units I–III. F7. Dominant lithologies, Unit IV. F8. Major lithologic components, Hole U1409A. F9. Major lithologic components, Hole U1409B. F10. Major lithologic components, Hole U1409C. F11. Muddy sand intervals. F12. Middle Eocene cyclicity and carbonate. F13. Middle Eocene cyclicity and physical properties. F14. Graded red oxide horizons. F15. Paleocene/Eocene siliceous sediment. F16. Long-period cyclicity variation. F17. Red-brown oxide horizons. F18. Slump deposits. F19. Montmorillonite blebs and nodules. F20. PETM interval X-ray diffractograms. F21. Microfossil biozonation. F22. Microfossil abundance and preservation. F23. Benthic foraminifer assemblages. F24. Paleomagnetism variation, Hole U1409A. F25. Paleomagnetism variation, Hole U1409B. F26. Paleomagnetism variation, Hole U1409C. F27. Representative demagnetization results. F28. Magnetostratigraphy. F29. AMS vs. depth. F30. Age-depth model. F31. LSR and MAR. F32. Interstitial water constituent concentrations. F33. Sedimentary carbonate contents. F34. Paleocene/Eocene carbonate, MS, and L*. F35. Source rock pyrolysis hydrogen index. F36. MS and density. F37. MS and P-wave velocity. F38. MS and color reflectance. F39. Thermal conductivity. F40. Thermal conductivity and GRA density. F41. MS splice. F42. CCSF depth vs. mbsf depth. F43. NGR splice. F44. Large-amplitude MS cycles. Tables T1. Coring summary. T2. Lithostratigraphic units. T3. Nannofossil datums. T4. Nannofossil distribution. T5. Radiolarian datums. T6. Radiolarian species list. T7. Radiolarian distribution. T8. Planktonic foraminifer datums. T9. Planktonic foraminifer distribution. T10. Benthic foraminifer distribution. T11. Benthic foraminifer abundance and preservation. T12. Core orientation data. T13. Demagnetization results. T14. Magnetostratigraphic tie points. T15. AMS summary. T16. Age-depth model datums. T17. Age-depth model datum tie points. T18. Carbonate content and accumulation rates. T19. Headspace gas geochemistry. T20. Interstitial water constituents. T21. Elemental geochemistry. T22. Thermal conductivity. T23. Core top and composite depths. T24. Splice tie points. PDF file			Previous \| Next doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.342.110.2014 References Berner, R.A., 1980. Early Diagenesis: A Theoretical Approach: Princeton, NJ (Princeton Univ. Press). Deyhle, A., and Kopf, A., 2002. Strong B enrichment and anomalous δ¹¹B in pore fluids from the Japan Trench forearc. Mar. Geol., 183(1–4):1–15. doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00186-X Gieskes, J.M., and Lawrence, J.R., 1981. Alteration of volcanic matter in deep-sea sediments: evidence from the chemical composition of interstitial waters from deep sea drilling cores. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 45(10):1687–1703. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(81)90004-1 Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Schmitz, M.D., and Ogg, G.M. (Eds)., 2012. The Geological Time Scale 2012: Amsterdam (Elsevier). James, R.H., Allen, D.E., and Seyfried, W.E., Jr., 2003. An experimental study of alteration of oceanic crust and terrigenous sediments at moderate temperatures (51 to 350°C): insights as to chemical processes in near-shore ridge-flank hydrothermal systems. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 67(4):681–691. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01113-4 Kirschvink, J.L., 1980. The least-squares line and plane and the analysis of palaeomagnetic data. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc., 62(3):699–718. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1980.tb02601.x Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., Fehr, A., Agnini, C., Bornemann, A., Boulila, S., Bown, P.R., Cournede, C., Friedrich, O., Ghosh, A.K., Hollis, C.J., Hull, P.M., Jo, K., Junium, C.K., Kaneko, M., Liebrand, D., Lippert, P.C., Liu, Z., Matsui, H., Moriya, K., Nishi, H., Opdyke, B.N., Penman, D., Romans, B., Scher, H.D., Sexton, P., Takagi, H., Turner, S.K., Whiteside, J.H., Yamaguchi, T., and Yamamoto, Y., 2014a. Methods. In Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., and the Expedition 342 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 342: College Station, TX (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.342.102.2014 Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., Fehr, A., Agnini, C., Bornemann, A., Boulila, S., Bown, P.R., Cournede, C., Friedrich, O., Ghosh, A.K., Hollis, C.J., Hull, P.M., Jo, K., Junium, C.K., Kaneko, M., Liebrand, D., Lippert, P.C., Liu, Z., Matsui, H., Moriya, K., Nishi, H., Opdyke, B.N., Penman, D., Romans, B., Scher, H.D., Sexton, P., Takagi, H., Turner, S.K., Whiteside, J.H., Yamaguchi, T., and Yamamoto, Y., 2014b. Site U1403. In Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., and the Expedition 342 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 342: College Station, TX (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.342.104.2014 Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., Fehr, A., Agnini, C., Bornemann, A., Boulila, S., Bown, P.R., Cournede, C., Friedrich, O., Ghosh, A.K., Hollis, C.J., Hull, P.M., Jo, K., Junium, C.K., Kaneko, M., Liebrand, D., Lippert, P.C., Liu, Z., Matsui, H., Moriya, K., Nishi, H., Opdyke, B.N., Penman, D., Romans, B., Scher, H.D., Sexton, P., Takagi, H., Turner, S.K., Whiteside, J.H., Yamaguchi, T., and Yamamoto, Y., 2014c. Site U1404. In Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., and the Expedition 342 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 342: College Station, TX (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.342.105.2014 Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., Fehr, A., Agnini, C., Bornemann, A., Boulila, S., Bown, P.R., Cournede, C., Friedrich, O., Ghosh, A.K., Hollis, C.J., Hull, P.M., Jo, K., Junium, C.K., Kaneko, M., Liebrand, D., Lippert, P.C., Liu, Z., Matsui, H., Moriya, K., Nishi, H., Opdyke, B.N., Penman, D., Romans, B., Scher, H.D., Sexton, P., Takagi, H., Turner, S.K., Whiteside, J.H., Yamaguchi, T., and Yamamoto, Y., 2014d. Site U1405. In Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., and the Expedition 342 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 342: College Station, TX (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.342.106.2014 Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., Fehr, A., Agnini, C., Bornemann, A., Boulila, S., Bown, P.R., Cournede, C., Friedrich, O., Ghosh, A.K., Hollis, C.J., Hull, P.M., Jo, K., Junium, C.K., Kaneko, M., Liebrand, D., Lippert, P.C., Liu, Z., Matsui, H., Moriya, K., Nishi, H., Opdyke, B.N., Penman, D., Romans, B., Scher, H.D., Sexton, P., Takagi, H., Turner, S.K., Whiteside, J.H., Yamaguchi, T., and Yamamoto, Y., 2014e. Site U1408. In Norris, R.D., Wilson, P.A., Blum, P., and the Expedition 342 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 342: College Station, TX (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.342.109.2014 Pälike, H., Lyle, M.W., Nishi, H., Raffi, I., Ridgwell, A., Gamage, K., Klaus, A., Acton, G., Anderson, L., Backman, J., Baldauf, J., Beltran, C., Bohaty, S.M., Bown, P., Busch, W., Channell, J.E.T., Chun, C.O.J., Delaney, M., Dewangan, P., Dunkley Jones, T., Edgar, K.M., Evans, H., Fitch, P., Foster, G,L., Gussone, N., Hasegawa, H., Hathorne, E.C., Hayashi, H., Herrle, J.O., Holbourn, A., Hovan, S., Hyeong, K., Iijima, K., Ito, T., Kamikuri, S., Kimoto, K., Kuroda, J., Leon-Rodriguez, L., Malinverno, A., Moore, T.C., Jr., Murphy, B.H., Murphy, D.P., Nakamura, H., Ogane, K., Ohneiser, C., Richter, C., Robinson, R., Rohling, E.J., Romero, O., Sawada, K., Scher, H., Schneider, L., Sluijs, A., Takata, H., Tian, J., Tsujimoto, A., Wade, B.S., Westerhold, T., Wilkens, R., Williams, T., Wilson, P.A., Yamamoto, Y., Yamamoto, S., Yamazaki, T., and Zeebe, R.E., 2012. A Cenozoic record of the equatorial Pacific carbonate compensation depth. Nature (London, U. K.), 488(7409):609–614. doi:10.1038/nature11360 Sanfilippo, A., and Blome, C.D., 2001. Biostratigraphic implications of mid-latitude Paleocene–Eocene radiolarian faunas from Hole 1051A, ODP Leg 171B, Blake Nose, western North Atlantic. In Kroon, D., Norris, R.D., and Klaus, A. (Eds.), Western North Atlantic Palaeogene and Cretaceous Palaeoceanography. Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 183(1):l85–224. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.183.01.10 Tucholke, B.E., and Vogt, P.R., 1979. Western North Atlantic: sedimentary evolution and aspects of tectonic history. In Tucholke, B.E., Vogt, P.R., et al., Init. Repts. DSDP, 43: Washington, DC (U.S. Govt. Printing Office), 791–825. doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.43.140.1979 Zachos, J.C., Dickens, G.R., and Zeebe, R.E., 2008. An early Cenozoic perspective on greenhouse warming and carbon-cycle dynamics. Nature (London, U. 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