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- Chapter contents
- Introduction
- Operations
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 Lithostratigraphy
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Paleontology
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Downhole logging
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Physical properties
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Inorganic geochemistry
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Organic geochemistry
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Microbiology
- References
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Figures
- F1. Macroscopic observation, cuttings.
- F2. Smear slide photomicrographs.
- F3. Section photographs.
- F4. Scanning electron micrograph images.
- F5. XRD downhole changes.
- F6. Geochemical ratios.
- F7. Geochemical element ratios.
- F8. Macroscopic observation, cuttings and cores.
- F9. Drilling disturbances in cores.
- F10. Site summary diagram.
- F11. Temperature measurements.
- F12. Synthetic seismogram.
- F13. Seismic profile and logging data.
- F14. Seismic profile and lithologic units.
- F15. MSCL-W and MSCL-S data.
- F16. Porosity distribution.
- F17. Bulk density distribution.
- F18. Grain density distribution.
- F19. Thermal conductivity, cores.
- F20. P-wave velocity.
- F21. Electrical resistivity and formation factor.
- F22. Vitrinite reflectance.
- F23. 2-D core diameter measurement.
- F24. Potassium, sulfate, and salinity.
- F25. Volumetric interstitial water yield.
- F26. Salinity, total alkalinity, and pmH.
- F27. Chloride, bromide, and sulfate.
- F28. Ammonium, sodium, and potassium.
- F29. Magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium.
- F30. Boron, lithium, silica, iron, and manganese.
- F31. Formation water and drilling mud water.
- F32. Drilling mud in interstitial water samples.
- F33. Corrected total alkalinity, Ca, Mg, and Sr.
- F34. Incoming mud gas.
- F35. δ13C-values of methane.
- F36. Mud-gas C1/C2 ratios.
- F37. Hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen to argon.
- F38. H2 and CO, extraction method.
- F39. Inorganic carbon, TOC, TN, TS, and TOC/TN.
- F40. Rock-Eval pyrolysis parameters.
- F41. n-Alkane m/z 85 mass chromatograms.
- F42. m/z 178 + 192 mass chromatograms.
- F43. m/z 202 + 216 mass chromatograms.
- F44. m/z 117 + 75 mass chromatograms.
- F45. m/z 117 + 75 mass chromatograms.
- F46. m/z 117 + 75 mass chromatograms.
- F47. m/z 215 + 257 mass chromatograms.
- F48. m/z 215 and 217 mass chromatograms.
- F49. Mass chromatograms, coal, mudstone, and siltstone.
- F50. C29 5α,14α,17α(H)20(R) sterane.
- F51. C29 Δ4 and Δ5 sterenes.
- F52. Mass chromatograms, SAS ASTEX-S.
- F53. Total ion chromatograms, cuttings.
- F54. m/z 85, 215, and 217 mass chromatograms.
- F55. Sampling scheme and flow diagram.
- F56. PFC tracer monitoring.
- F57. PFC detection limit.
- F58. Drilling mud contamination, cores.
- F59. Drilling mud contamination, core interiors.
- F60. Microbial cell abundance.
- F61. Microbial cells.
- F62. qPCR cell abundance.
- F63. T-RFLP profiles, drilling mud.
- F64. T-RFLP profiles, cores.
- F65. Enriched cells.
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Tables
- T1. XRD analyses, cores.
- T2. XRD analyses, cuttings.
- T3. Lithologic units.
- T4. Unit I dinoflagellate cysts, pollen, and spores.
- T5. Unit II dinoflagellate cysts, pollen, and spores.
- T6. Unit III dinoflagellate cysts, pollen, and spores.
- T7. Unit IV dinoflagellate cysts, pollen, and spores.
- T8. Unit I diatoms.
- T9. Major lithology log response.
- T10. Major coal layers.
- T11. Fluid sampling points.
- T12. Drilling mud water.
- T13. Drilling cuttings water.
- T14. Interstitial water chemistry.
- T15. Formation water.
- T16. Recovered mud gas.
- T17. Methane in mud gas.
- T18. Hydrocarbon gases, mud gas.
- T19. Hydrocarbon gases, cuttings.
- T20. Hydrocarbon gases, cores.
- T21. Hydrocarbon gas content, drilling mud.
- T22. PGMS mud-gas monitoring.
- T23. GC-TCD mud-gas monitoring.
- T24. H2 and CO of cores, extraction method.
- T25. H2 and CO of drilling sand, extraction method.
- T26. H2 and CO of cores, incubation method.
- T27. Radon data.
- T28. DFA concentrations.
- T29. Carbonate analyses, cores.
- T30. Carbonate analyses, cuttings.
- T31. Organic matter maturity cuttings.
- T32. Organic matter maturity, cores.
- T33. n-Alkane data, cores.
- T34. n-Alkanoic data, cores.
- T35. Steroid data, cores.
- T36. n-Alkane, sterene, and sterane data, cuttings.
- T37. PFC addition schedule.
- T38. PFC and cell counts, active drilling tanks.
- T39. Drilling mud contamination, cuttings.
- T40. Drilling mud contamination, cores.
- T41. DNA extraction.
- T42. 35S-labeled Na2SO4 incubation.
- T43. Observed microorganisms.
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doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.337.103.2013
Site C00201
Expedition 337 Scientists2
Introduction
Marine subsurface hydrocarbon reservoirs and the associated
microbial life in continental margin sediments are among the least characterized systems on Earth that can be accessed by scientific ocean drilling. Our scientific knowledge of the biological and abiotic processes associated with hydrocarbon production is limited because of the highly limited opportunities to conduct scientific ocean drilling initiatives using deep-riser drilling in natural gas and oil fields. A number of fundamentally important questions regarding deep subseafloor hydrocarbon systems have remained unanswered. For example,
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What role does subsurface microbial activity play in the formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs?
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Do the deeply buried hydrocarbon reservoirs such as natural gas and coalbeds act as geobiological reactors that sustain subsurface life by releasing nutrients and carbon substrates?
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Do the conversion and transport of hydrocarbons and other reduced compounds influence biomass, diversity, activity, and functionality of deep subseafloor microbial communities?
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What are the fluxes of both thermogenically and biologically produced organic compounds, and how important are these for the carbon budgets in the shallower subsurface and the ocean?
To address these important scientific questions, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 337 aimed to drill and study a hydrocarbon system associated with deeply buried coalbeds off the Shimokita Peninsula, Japan, in the northwestern Pacific using the riser drilling system of the D/V Chikyu. For more information regarding research backgrounds, scientific objectives, and hypotheses, see the “Expedition 337 summary” chapter (Expedition 337 Scientists, 2013a).
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