Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program
Volume 389
Hawaiian Drowned Reefs
Expedition 389 of the MMA Valour
from and to Barbers Point Harbor, Hawaiʻi (USA)
Sites M0096–M0110
31 August–31 October 2023
Volume authorship
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists
Published by
International Ocean Discovery Program
Publisher’s notes
This publication was prepared by the European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD) Science Operator (ESO) and Texas A&M University (TAMU) as an account of work performed under the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). Funding for IODP is provided by the following international partners:
- National Science Foundation (NSF), United States
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan
- European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD)
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), People’s Republic of China
- Australia-New Zealand IODP Consortium (ANZIC)
- Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), India
Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the participating agencies or TAMU.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
IODP mission-specific platform data are accessible at http://iodp.pangea.de. If you cannot access this site or need additional data, please contact Data Librarian, PANGAEA, University of Bremen, MARUM, Leobener Strasse 8, 28359 Bremen, Germany. Tel: (49) 421-218-65951; Fax: (49) 421-218-98-65951.
A complete set of the logging data collected during the expedition is available at http://mlp.ldeo.columbia.edu/logdb/scientific_ocean_drilling. If you have problems downloading the data, wish to receive additional logging data, or have questions regarding the data, please contact Database Administrator, Borehole Research Group, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, PO Box 1000, 61 Route 9W, Palisades NY 10964, USA. Tel: (845) 365-8343; Fax: (845) 365-3182; Email: logdb@ldeo.columbia.edu.
Supplemental data were provided by the authors and may not conform to IODP publication formats.
ESO expedition photos are the property of IODP and are public access.
Some core photographs have been tonally enhanced to better illustrate particular features of interest. High-resolution images are available upon request.
Cover photographs show (left) representative shallow reef frameworks from the same aged (MIS 7-6) reef terrace (H2) from the lee, dry (light core) and windward, and wet (dark core) sides of Hawaiʻi and (right) a sunset from the side of MMA Valour. Photo credits: Marley Parker, Hannah Grant, and IODP ESO. Site map shows the globally unique sequence of drowned fossil coral reefs that were cored during Expedition 389.
Copyright
Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction are permitted, provided the original author and source are credited.
Examples of how to cite this volume or part of this volume are available at http://publications.iodp.org/proceedings/389/389title.html#bib.
ISSN
ISBN
Volume DOI
https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.2025
Publication date
Contents
Expedition reports
Chapters
PDF
Figures
Cited byCore descriptions
Visual core descriptions (VCDs) are presented in PDF files for each site. Thin sections and/or smear slides for each site or hole are presented in JPG format in the Supplementary material. The entire set of core images in PDF is available in the IMAGES directory.
Site M0096: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0097: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0098: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0099: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0100: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0101: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0102: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0103: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0104: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0105: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0106: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0107: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0108: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0109: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Site M0110: Visual core descriptions · Linescan composite images
Supplementary material
Supplementary material for the Volume 389 expedition reports includes drilling data in PDF and Microsoft Excel format; geochemistry data in Microsoft Excel format; hyperspectral data in PDF, Microsoft Excel, and PNG formats; images in JPG format; onshore VCDs in PDF; and paleomagnetic data in Microsoft Excel format. A full list of directories can be found in SUPP_MAT in the volume zip folder or on the Supplementary material for Volume 389 expedition reports web page.
Expedition research results
Data reports
Drilling location maps
A site map showing the drilling locations for this expedition and maps showing the drilling locations of all International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) expeditions, produced using QGIS (http://www.qgis.org), and all Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, Ocean Drilling Program (ODP), and Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) expeditions, produced using Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) of Paul Wessel and Walter H.F. Smith (https://www.generic-mapping-tools.org), are available in PDF.
- IODP Expedition 389 site map
- IODP map
- Integrated Ocean Drilling Program map (Expeditions 301–348)
- ODP map (Legs 100–210)
- DSDP map (Legs 1–96)
Acknowledgments
This project would not have been possible without the vast efforts of the last decades of mapping, other data collection, and studies that led to an understanding of the offshore geology of Hawaiʻi and an interpretative framework that underpins IODP Expedition 389. We are grateful for the many scientists and institutions that contributed to and supported these previous studies. We also acknowledge the tireless efforts of the Benthic drilling team and the captain and crew of the MMA Valour during the offshore drilling phase of Expedition 389. While there are too many to individuals to name, we give special thanks to Dr. David Clague for his innumerable contributions to this project, including codeveloping the drilling strategy based on his extensive knowledge of the geology of Hawaiʻi and giving advice from shore during the offshore drilling phase. Our guiding mantra, “What would Dave do?” helped us through the challenges and numerous decisions that had to be made in real time while at sea. Finally, we acknowledge the local Hawaiian community.
Foreword
The International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) represents the latest incarnation of almost five decades of scientific ocean drilling excellence and is generally accepted as the most successful international collaboration in the history of the Earth sciences. IODP builds seamlessly on the accomplishments of previous phases: the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Ocean Drilling Program, and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program. The 2013–2023 IODP Science Plan (Illuminating Earth’s Past, Present, and Future) defines four themes and thirteen challenges for this decade of scientific ocean drilling that are both of fundamental importance in understanding how the Earth works and of significant relevance to society as the Earth changes, at least in part in response to anthropogenic forcing. This phase of IODP represents an intense level of international collaboration in bringing diverse drilling platforms and strategies to increasing our understanding of climate and ocean change, the deep biosphere and evolution of ecosystems, connections between Earth’s deep processes and surface manifestations, and geologically induced hazards on human timeframes.
The Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program presents the scientific and engineering results of IODP drilling projects, expedition by expedition. As in the preceding Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, expeditions in the current IODP phase are conducted by three implementing organizations, each providing a different drilling capability. These are the US Implementing Organization (USIO; through September 2014) and the JOIDES Resolution Science Operator (JRSO; as of October 2014), providing the leased commercial vessel JOIDES Resolution for riserless drilling operations; JAMSTEC’s Institute for Marine-Earth Exploration and Engineering (MarE3), providing the drillship Chikyu for riser and occasional riserless operations; and the European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD) Science Operator (ESO), providing “mission-specific” platforms (MSPs) for expeditions that extend the IODP operational range where neither drillship is suitable, for example, in polar environments and in shallow waters. Scheduling decisions for each capability are made by three independent Facility Boards, each of which includes scientists, operators, and platform funding partners: the JOIDES Resolution Facility Board (JRFB), Chikyu IODP Board (CIB), and ECORD Facility Board (EFB). At the beginning of the current IODP, the three Facility Boards agreed to utilize Publication Services at the USIO and now the JRSO for production of all expedition Proceedings volumes and reports.
The current IODP differs from prior scientific ocean drilling programs in that it has neither a central management organization nor commingled funding for program-wide activities. Yet this phase of IODP retains a fundamental integrative structural element: a “bottom-up” evaluation of all proposals for drilling expeditions by a single advisory structure composed of scientists representing all international program partners. International scientists may submit drilling proposals to the Science Support Office; all submitted proposals are then evaluated by a Science Evaluation Panel in the context of the Science Plan.
The current IODP also has an international integrative level for high-level discussion and global consensus-building: the IODP Forum. The Forum is not only charged with assessing program-wide progress toward achieving the current Science Plan, but also with overseeing approaches toward a new bright future of scientific ocean drilling post 2023. At present, IODP involves 22 international funding agencies, including those from the United States, Japan, an Australia/New Zealand consortium (ANZIC), China, India, South Korea, and the 15 members of ECORD (Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom). The IODP membership represents an unparalleled level of international scientific collaboration; one of the greatest and ongoing strengths of scientific ocean drilling.
Henk Brinkhuis
Chair, IODP Forum
Reviewers for this volume
Pending.
International Ocean Discovery Program
JOIDES Resolution Science Operator
Website: http://iodp.tamu.edu
IODP JRSO
International Ocean Discovery Program
Tel: (979) 845-2673; Fax: (979) 845-4857
Email: information@iodp.tamu.edu
IODP JRSO Curation and Laboratories
IODP Gulf Coast Repository (GCR)
Tel: (979) 845-8490; Fax: (979) 845-1303
Email: curator@iodp.tamu.edu
European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling, Science Operator (ESO)
Website: http://www.ecord.org
IODP ESO Coordinator: Science, Logistics, and Operations
Tel: (44) 131-667-1000; Fax: (44) 131-668-4140
Email: eso@bgs.ac.uk
IODP ESO Petrophysics
European Petrophysics Consortium
Tel: (44) 116-252-3611; Fax: (44) 116-252-3918
Email: sjd27@leicester.ac.uk
IODP ESO Curation and Laboratories
IODP Bremen Core Repository (BCR)
Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM)
Tel: (49) 421-218-65560; Fax: (49) 421-218-98-65560
Email: bcr@marum.de
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)
Website: http://www.jamstec.go.jp/chikyu/e
IODP Japan Science Operator
Institute for Marine-Earth Exploration and Engineering (MarE3)
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
Yokohama Institute for Earth Sciences
Tel: (81) 45-778-5643; Fax: (81) 45-778-5704
Email: mare3-exp@jamstec.go.jp
IODP Japan Curation and Laboratories
IODP Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research (KCC)
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
Tel: (81) 88-864-6705; Fax: (81) 88-878-2192
Email: kcc.contact@jamstec.go.jp
Expedition 389 participants*
Expedition 389 scientists
School of Geosciences, Geocoastal Research Group
Ocean Sciences Department, Institute of Marine Sciences
University of California Santa Cruz
Lead Expedition Project Manager
Department of Geology, Geography and the Environment
Senior Petrophysicist and EPM support
Physical Properties Specialist
Department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry
State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Present affiliation (4 April 2024):
Division of Environmental Health Sciences
New York State Department of Health
peter.chutcharavan@health.ny.gov
University of Wisconsin—Madison
MARUM—Center for Marine Environmental Sciences
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
Institute for Environmental Physics
sahra.greve@stud.uni-heidelberg.de
IFP Energies Nouvelles (IFPEN)
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences
humblet.marc.n3@f.mail.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Physical Properties Specialist
Geo-Ocean, Technopole La Pointe du Diable
Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department
University of California Santa Cruz
Pacific Coastal and Marine Sciences
Micropaleontologist (benthic foraminifers)
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics
University of Hawai’i at Manoa
Present address (4 April 2024):
Graduate School of Oceanography
Leibniz-Zentrum für Marine Tropenforschung (ZMT)
hildegard.westphal@leibniz-zmt.de
Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute
Outreach
ECORD Science Operator Outreach Manager/Media Relations
*Affiliations at time of expedition, except where updated by participants.Operational, management, and technical staff
ESO personnel and technical representatives
Onshore Operations Manager/Laboratory and Curation Manager
Core Curator/Assistant Laboratory Manager
Sedimentology Technician/LECO Operator
Inorganic Geochemistry Laboratory Manager
Core Curator/IODP Bremen Core Repository Superintendent
Inorganic Geochemistry Laboratory Technician
Core scanning
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility/ESO EPM
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
British Geological Survey Core Scanning Facility
Benthic
PROD Operator/Assistant Superintendent
MMA survey
MMA Valour crew
Bremen Core Repository, MARUM, University of Bremen
IODP Publication Services staff*
Manager of Publication Services
Expedition-related bibliography*
IODP publications
Scientific Prospectus
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., and Grant, H.L.J., 2023. Expedition 389 Scientific Prospectus: Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. International Ocean Discovery Program. https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.sp.389.2023
Preliminary Report
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, 2024. Expedition 389 Preliminary Report: Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. International Ocean Discovery Program. https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.pr.389.2024
Proceedings volume
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, 2025. Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.2025
Expedition reports
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Expedition 389 summary. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.101.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Expedition 389 methods. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.102.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0096. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.103.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0097. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.104.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0098. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.105.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0099. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.106.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0100. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.107.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0101. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.108.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0102. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.109.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0103. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.110.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0104. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.111.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0105. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.112.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0106. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.113.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0107. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.114.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0108. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.115.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0109. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.116.2025
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., Rydzy, M., Stewart, M., Allison, N., Asami, R., Boston, B., Braga, J.C., Brenner, L., Chen, X., Chutcharavan, P., Dutton, A., Felis, T., Fukuyo, N., Gischler, E., Greve, S., Hagen, A., Hamon, Y., Hathorne, E., Humblet, M., Jorry, S., Khanna, P., Le Ber, E., McGregor, H., Mortlock, R., Nohl, T., Potts, D., Prohaska, A., Prouty, N., Renema, W., Rubin, K.H., Westphal, H., and Yokoyama, Y., 2025. Site M0110. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389.117.2025
Supplementary material
Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, 2025. Supplementary material, https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.389supp.2025. In Webster, J.M., Ravelo, A.C., Grant, H.L.J., and the Expedition 389 Scientists, Hawaiian Drowned Reefs. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 389: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program).
Expedition research results
Pending.
Journals/Books
Pending.
Conferences
Pending.
*The Expedition-related bibliography is continually updated online. Please send updates to PubCrd@iodp.tamu.edu.